Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
1,228 listings
  • New Listing
    $10,995
    fair price
    $76 above market
    • 120,633 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Sales Express (44 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Whitman, MA / 44 miles away from Worcester, MA

    2016 AUDI Q5 QUATTRO! 120K MILES. BLACK COLOR!!! ALL OPTIONS CLEAN CARFAX REPORT! AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION! LEATHER SEATS, HEATED SEATS NAVIGATION! SUNR...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1C2AFPXGA116600
    Stock: 116600
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-04-2025

  • $11,999
    fair price
    $171 below market
    • 102,609 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • King Richards Auto Center (38 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in East Providence, RI / 38 miles away from Worcester, MA

    Recent arrival! This vehicle has been thoroughly inspected and reconditioned at our facility. All vehicles come with at least one key! Call today ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1L2AFPXGA139519
    Stock: 139519
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-05-2025

  • $14,999
    fair price
    $76 above market
    • 97,883 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Tim's Truck Capital (70 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Epsom, NH / 70 miles away from Worcester, MA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1ANAFY0J2014411
    Stock: MK2483
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-13-2025

  • New Listing
    $12,890
    fair price
    $108 below market
    • 89,567 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Freehold, NJ / 189 miles away from Worcester, MA

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Leather Seats,Satellite Radio,Sunroof / Moonroof,Turbo/Supercharged,Heated Seats,Powe...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1L2AFP5GA032183
    Stock: GA032183D
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 43,456 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to MA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Pharr, TX / 1,859 miles away from Worcester, MA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1C2AFP0GA064538
    Stock: 27754885
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $19,577
    fair price
    $363 above market
    • 73,456 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Wallingford Auto Park (76 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Wallingford, CT / 76 miles away from Worcester, MA

    At Wallingford Auto Park, we've proudly served the community for over 30 years, offering quality used vehicles with transparent, no-haggle pricing. Ou...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1BNAFY9J2138424
    Stock: 19418
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

  • $16,975
    fair price
    $38 above market
    • 62,760 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • IMotoBank (29 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Walpole, MA / 29 miles away from Worcester, MA

    Looking for a luxury SUV thats fun to drive, reliable, and packed with great features? This 2016 Audi Q5 3.0T quattro Premium Plus might be the perfec...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1D7AFP2GA108979
    Stock: 108979
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-09-2025

  • $9,995
    fair price
    $55 below market
    • 112,961 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • J and A Auto Center (43 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Raynham, MA / 43 miles away from Worcester, MA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LFAFP2EA042669
    Stock: 7533
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-04-2025

    • 56,864 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Audi Shrewsbury (5 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Shrewsbury, MA / 5 miles away from Worcester, MA

    Discover the 2018 Audi Q5 Premium Plus: A Perfect Blend of Sophistication, Performance, and Safety for the Discerning Driver Seeking an Elevated Drivi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1BNAFY9J2214644
    Stock: AU3128A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-11-2025

  • Price Drop
    $12,691
    fair price
    $260 above market
    • 73,836 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Choice Auto Center (4 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Shrewsbury, MA / 4 miles away from Worcester, MA

    NAVIGATION! BACK UP CAMERA! HEATED SEATS! PANORAMIC SUNROOF! Please visit Choiceautocenter.com for all photos. WE TAKE TRADES & WE BUY CARS! A $395 do...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1LFAFP0EA020847
    Stock: C5499
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-07-2025

  • $13,643
    fair price
    $84 above market
    • 84,497 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Eastside Motoring (28 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Waltham, MA / 28 miles away from Worcester, MA

    FREE!! 3 MONTHS / 3000 MILES FREE WARRANTY- WITH THE OPTION TO EXTEND TO 60 MONTHS OF COVERAGE! EXCEPTIONALLY CLEAN 2016 AUDI Q5 WITH A CLEAN CARFAX W...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1L2AFP3GA045823
    Stock: A045823
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-01-2025

  • $13,877
    fair price
    $189 above market
    • 80,333 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • 1st International Auto Group (41 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Merrimack, NH / 41 miles away from Worcester, MA

    ==> WE SERVICE WHAT WE SELL !!! SO BUY WITH CONFIDENCE *** NEW BRAKES *** NEWER TIRES!!! *** ONLY 80K MILES !!!*** GOOD COLOR COMBINATION *** IN GREAT...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1L2AFP5GA105410
    Stock: N-2290
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-13-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $11,995
    fair price
    $160 below market
    • 113,951 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Reliable Auto (51 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Manchester, NH / 51 miles away from Worcester, MA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1D7AFP3GA115326
    Stock: 115326
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-14-2025

    • 63,408 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to MA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 2,588 miles away from Worcester, MA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1D7AFP3GA008017
    Stock: 27680684
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 67,135 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Audi Brookline, A Herb Chambers Company (35 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Brookline, MA / 35 miles away from Worcester, MA

    INSPECTION COMPLETED Every Herb Chambers pre-owned vehicle receives a complete multi-point inspection by factory trained technicians who inspect the t...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1BNAFY5J2010715
    Stock: AB5627
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-15-2025

    • 133,836 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • US Motors (4 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Worcester, MA / 4 miles away from Worcester, MA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1L2AFP2GA070986
    Stock: A070986
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 82,794 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Cars of Boston (30 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in West Newton, MA / 30 miles away from Worcester, MA

    GREAT DEAL: 2016 Audi Q5 2.0T Quattro Premium - Only 82k Miles, Loaded with Features Quattro AWD: All-wheel drive for superior handling in any conditi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1C2AFP6GA001900
    Stock: 001900
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-19-2025

    • 117,236 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • King Richards Auto Center (38 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in East Providence, RI / 38 miles away from Worcester, MA

    Recent arrival! This vehicle has been thoroughly inspected and reconditioned at our facility. All vehicles come with at least one key! Call today t...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1C2AFP7GA051642
    Stock: 051642
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-27-2025

    • 91,826 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Balise Volkswagen (43 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in West Warwick, RI / 43 miles away from Worcester, MA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1L2AFP2GA015177
    Stock: VW9543A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

    • 76,079 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Audi Brookline, A Herb Chambers Company (35 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Brookline, MA / 35 miles away from Worcester, MA

    INSPECTION COMPLETED Every Herb Chambers pre-owned vehicle receives a complete multi-point inspection by factory trained technicians who inspect the t...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (23 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1BNAFY6J2137618
    Stock: 551134A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

    • 103,157 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 18 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Real Auto Sales (37 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Somerville, MA / 37 miles away from Worcester, MA

    Vehicle Runs WellSmooth rideAll records in possessionRegularly maintainedArctic cold a/cSeats as good as newMust test driveDone all Scheduled Maintena...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    21 Combined MPG (18 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WA1D7AFP4GA084166
    Stock: NEW084166
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-19-2025

Showing 85 - 105 out of 1,228 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Audi Q5

Read recent reviews for the Audi Q5
Overall Consumer Rating
4 out of 5 stars50 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 50 reviews
  • 5 star
    (52%)
  • 4 star
    (18%)
  • 3 star
    (16%)
  • 2 star
    (10%)
  • 1 star
    (4%)
3 out of 5 stars

Multiple Repairs over the First Year.

Nancy Nonaparra, 01/30/2016
2015 Audi Q5 2.0T Premium quattro 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A)
Purchased the car with 2000 miles on it. At first drove like charm. Within 2 months, front grille peeled requiring replacement. Three months later, needed another grille due to peeling. After this repair visit noticed shuddering and bucking with acceleration on inclines. Took car in and was told needed a new fuel injector. The car had less than 15000 miles. Injector replaced. … Took car from dealer and before I could get home, problem started again. After exam was told was fuel related and should try different stations. A month later, after trying every station in my city, problem still existed and took car back to dealer for closer look. After several days of exam, car was diagnosed with severe carbon build up in engine. A shame such a nice car has so many issues. I'm done with Audi.
Report abuse

Used 2016 Audi Q5 in Worcester, MA Values

Estimated values
2016 Audi Q5 2.0T Premium quattro 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$7,209$9,096$10,442
Clean$6,979$8,785$10,061
Average$6,595$8,266$9,427
Rough$6,097$7,592$8,602

The average list price of a used 2016 Audi Q5 in Worcester, Massachusetts is $14,953. The average mileage on a used Audi Q5 2016 for sale in Worcester, Massachusetts is 88,013. Based on the average mileage of 88,013 for used 2016 Audi Q5 for sale in Worcester, MA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Audi Q5 2016 in Worcester, Massachusetts to be $6,595.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

EV Details

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.