Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
85 listings
  • New Listing
    $6,995
    fair price
    $2 above market
    • 129,337 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Vehicle Wish Auto Sales (190 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Frederick, MD / 190 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    2012 Jeep Liberty 4WD with an available 'Extended Warranty'

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK1CW118479
    Stock: 118479
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-19-2025

    • 42,662 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • South Street Autos (193 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Frederick, MD / 193 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMFK0CW106400
    Stock: 17210
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-20-2025

    • 82,304 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Virginia Auto Trader Co (152 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Arlington, VA / 152 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    2012 JEEP LIBERTY 4 WHEEL DRIVE with powerful 3.7L V6 engine and driven only 82304 miles! Fully loaded and much more! CARFAX CERTIFIED**FINANCING AVAI...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK7CW112847
    Stock: 2597
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 144,703 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • M and B Auto Group (154 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Bealeton, VA / 154 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    ?? DISCLAIMER ?? Easy Financing available – subject to credit approval. ? 90-Day Limited Warranty included – restrictions apply, ask for details. ?? B...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK1CW181937
    Stock: mda5257
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $8,995
    fair price
    $250 above market
    • 79,627 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Vehicle Wish Auto Sales (190 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Frederick, MD / 190 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    Jeep Liberty 4WD with an available 'Extended Warranty'

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1J4PN2GK0BW520681
    Stock: 520681
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

  • $3,999
    great price
    $1,723 below market
    • 133,000 miles
    • 3 accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Tyson Auto Sales (156 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Vienna, VA / 156 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK3CW205915
    Stock: 205915
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-24-2025

  • $7,997
    good price
    $2,029 below market
    • 99,013 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • TJ Auto Sales (127 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 127 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMFK6CW150661
    Stock: DAH1050
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $7,500
    good price
    $2,279 below market
    • 60,002 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Troy, MI / 545 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    Low Mileage,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Satellite Radio,V6 Cylinder Engine,Power Door Locks,Satellite Radio,Brake Assist,Floor Mats,Gasoline Fuel,CD Player...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK5CW139867
    Stock: CW139867TS
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $3,999
    good price
    $1,043 below market
    • 161,369 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Carland Auto Sales (15 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Portsmouth, VA / 15 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    2012 JEEP LIBERTY SPORT ??FINANCING AVAILABLE?? www.carlandva.com Carland Auto Sales Inc 2530 Airline Blvd Portsmouth VA 23701 Phone: 7*** 161k mile...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK4CW143845
    Stock: 143845
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 12-19-2024

  • New Listing
    • 81,554 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Can Auto Group (178 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Randallstown, MD / 178 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1J4PN2GK5BW575420
    Stock: 575420
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $5,995
    good price
    $549 below market
    • 151,904 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • AutoTrend & Trucks (124 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 124 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    Looking for a sleek and powerful SUV that will turn heads wherever you go? Look no further than the 2012 Jeep Liberty Jet Edition! This stunning vehic...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMFK0CW165317
    Stock: 165317
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-29-2025

  • $4,977
    good price
    $1,426 below market
    • 121,845 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Mack 1 Motors (124 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Alarm
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    Close

    Located in Fredericksburg, VA / 124 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAKXCW120246
    Stock: 120246
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-13-2025

  • $7,495
    fair price
    $832 below market
    • 81,208 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Nine Stars Auto Group (162 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 162 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK7CW204735
    Stock: 4735B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-07-2025

  • $8,999
    fair price
    $333 above market
    • 98,965 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Dotcom Auto (162 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Chantilly, VA / 162 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    Visit Dotcom Auto online at dotcomauto.net to see more pictures of this vehicle or call us at 7**-3**-9*** today to schedule your test drive.

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMFK9CW118609
    Stock: S118609
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-02-2025

  • $7,450
    fair price
    $127 above market
    • 107,894 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Greenway Auto (190 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Berryville, VA / 190 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    If youre looking for an affordable SUV priced under $7,500, consider this beautiful 2012 Jeep Liberty Sport 4X4 with only 102000 miles. All of our veh...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK6CW173333
    Stock: 173333
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-03-2025

  • Price Drop
    $8,499
    fair price
    $220 above market
    • 100,844 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Q's Quality Cars (148 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Capitol Heights, MD / 148 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK6CW182887
    Stock: 182887
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-09-2025

  • $5,997
    fair price
    $182 below market
    • 140,856 miles
    • 3 accidents, 6 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Calvary Motors (163 mi away)
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Raleigh, NC / 163 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJLAK8CW168712
    Stock: 168712
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-01-2025

  • $5,999
    fair price
    $57 above market
    • 137,831 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Space (6 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Norfolk, VA / 6 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK7CW170134
    Stock: 170134
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

  • $8,500
    fair price
    $456 above market
    • 108,672 miles
    • 1 accident, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Dynamic Cars (173 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Leather Seats
    • Power Driver Seat
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Baltimore, MD / 173 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    GUARANTEED FINANCING AVAILABLE FOR ALL CREDIT Here at Dynamic Cars Inc , customer satisfaction is our guarantee! For over 22 years we have been in bus...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK3CW175945
    Stock: 175945
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-01-2025

  • Photos not available
    $7,943
    fair price
    $303 above market
    • 134,873 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Midway Auto Group (41 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Elizabeth City, NC / 41 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK9CW212853
    Stock: G2853
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

  • New Listing
    • 81,047 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Jim Lewis Cars (114 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Rear Bench Seats
    • Stability Control
    • Aux Audio Inputs
    Close

    Located in Willards, MD / 114 miles away from Virginia Beach, VA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJMAK2CW162541
    Stock: 162541
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-31-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 85 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Jeep Liberty

Read recent reviews for the Jeep Liberty
Overall Consumer Rating
3.8 out of 5 stars47 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 47 reviews
  • 5 star
    (45%)
  • 4 star
    (28%)
  • 3 star
    (9%)
  • 2 star
    (6%)
  • 1 star
    (13%)
5 out of 5 stars

Farmer Owned and Approved

Aaron S., 06/03/2016
2012 Jeep Liberty Sport 4dr SUV 4WD (3.7L 6cyl 4A)
I went from a Ford Truck to this 2012 Jeep Liberty 3 years ago because I wanted a reliable 4wd that could sit 4 people comfortably with a 5,000 pound towing capacity. I bought it a year old with 29,000 miles. I too was skeptical because of the expert reviews, however the customer reviews were very positive and I was impressed on my test drives. Now that I have owned it for several … years, this is by far the best vehicle I have ever owned. I have towed extremely heavy trailers and put it in places that I should not have been able to drive away from. It has literally saved my life a time or two. I have never had one thing go wrong with it. The 4 speed auto is ancient, but it is reliable. The 3.7 engine is the same way. Fuel mileage sucks, but you are paying for a capable SPORT UTILITY, not an SUV body on a Honda Fit. This was made to be a sport utility from the ground up. Only complaints I have: The backseat leg room is somewhat cramped, the front foot leg room is cramped, and the trip button on the steering wheel oddly only works half the time, however i just use the other trip button on the dash. Also, the fuel mileage but as stated earlier, it is expected. Here are my fuel mileage numbers: Average 17.04 Highest 21.81 Lowest 12.74 Overall, great vehicle for someone who wants a more capable sport utility that the status quo. Just understand what you are sacrificing in return.
Report abuse

Used 2012 Jeep Liberty in Virginia Beach, VA Values

Estimated values
2012 Jeep Liberty Sport 4dr SUV 4WD (3.7L 6cyl 4A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$3,107$6,186$7,977
Clean$2,924$5,779$7,400
Average$2,619$5,101$6,438
Rough$2,223$4,219$5,188

The average list price of a used 2012 Jeep Liberty in Virginia Beach, Virginia is $7,724. The average mileage on a used Jeep Liberty 2012 for sale in Virginia Beach, Virginia is 108,548. Based on the average mileage of 108,548 for used 2012 Jeep Liberty for sale in Virginia Beach, VA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Jeep Liberty 2012 in Virginia Beach, Virginia to be $2,619.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.