Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
702 listings
  • $23,999
    fair price
    $288 below market
    • 64,593 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Santa Clara, CA / 1,470 miles away from Austin, TX

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH1MLD70153
    Stock: 8GDQRX
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-05-2025

    • 28,309 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Gunn Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (50 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in Seguin, TX / 50 miles away from Austin, TX

    WE DELIVER!!, 110V AC Power Outlet, Auto-Dimming Rear-View Mirror, Black Grille w/Magnetic Surround, Black Wheel-Lip Molding, Class IV Trailer Hitch R...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH5MLD82760
    Stock: J250159A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-22-2025

  • Price Drop
    $27,990
    fair price
    $259 below market
    • 42,355 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 926 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH8MLD82431
    Stock: 2004068335
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-12-2025

    • 9,163 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana - Dallas (184 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 184 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH2KLA28996
    Stock: 2004056714
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

  • Price Drop
    $30,590
    fair price
    $1,434 below market
    • 44,076 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 1,067 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH4MLD64068
    Stock: 2004024655
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-04-2025

    • 81,945 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • David McDavid Honda of Irving (183 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Irving, TX / 183 miles away from Austin, TX

    RECALL NOTICE: Some vehicles offered for sale may be subject to unrepaired manufacturer safety recalls. To determine the recall status of a vehicle, v...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH2MLD30615
    Stock: MHI260223C
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-10-2025

  • New Listing
    • 99,998 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • San Marcos Toyota (35 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in San Marcos, TX / 35 miles away from Austin, TX

    Discover the ultimate adventure-ready pickup with the 2019 Ford Ranger Lariat. This rugged and capable truck is built to conquer any terrain, offering...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH1KLA05161
    Stock: KLA05161P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-18-2025

    • 16,175 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana - Houston (134 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 134 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH0KLA66776
    Stock: 2003947550
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-08-2025

    • 21,701 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • AutoNation Ford Corpus Christi (179 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in Corpus Christi, TX / 179 miles away from Austin, TX

    The following items have been reconditioned on this vehicle: all new tires! Equipment Group 301A MidTrailer Tow PackageLane Keeping AssistEbony;...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH1KLB14379
    Stock: KLB14379
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-30-2025

    • 32,271 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Mac Haik Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (23 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Georgetown, TX / 23 miles away from Austin, TX

    Gray 2021 Ford Ranger XLT 4WD 10-Speed Automatic EcoBoost 2.3L I4 GTDi DOHC Turbocharged VCT 4WD, 110V AC Power Outlet, 6 Speakers, Auto-Dimming Rear-...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH9MLD84736
    Stock: BD84736
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-24-2025

    • 119,188 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Johnson Brothers Ford II (58 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Temple, TX / 58 miles away from Austin, TX

    REAR POWER SLIDING WINDOW, CREW CAB, SHORT BED, POWER WINDOWS / LOCKS, AUDIO CONTROLS ON STEERING WHEEL, Bluetooth , DRIVER POWER SEAT / DUAL POWER S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH9MLD31066
    Stock: FL75851A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-12-2025

    • 22,332 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Oviedo Chevrolet GMC (58 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in La Grange, TX / 58 miles away from Austin, TX

    Clean CARFAX. CARFAX One-Owner.4WD.Odometer is 30918 miles below market average!

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH8MLD54885
    Stock: C1702TC
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-17-2025

    • 103,608 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana - Dallas (184 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 184 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EHXKLA09162
    Stock: 2003982093
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-16-2025

    • 90,719 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana - San Antonio (73 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 73 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH3KLA86584
    Stock: 2004051531
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-17-2025

  • New Listing
    $30,590
    fair price
    $328 below market
    • 24,196 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 1,067 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH0MLD29138
    Stock: 2004055507
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

    • 22,326 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana - Dallas (184 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Rear Bench Seats
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 184 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH5KLA95513
    Stock: 2003926421
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-05-2025

  • New Listing
    $25,998
    fair price
    $665 below market
    • 33,937 miles
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to TX*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Bakersfield, CA / 1,281 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH7MLE03110
    Stock: 27770982
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 62,224 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Shottenkirk Ford Granbury (152 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Granbury, TX / 152 miles away from Austin, TX

    Recent Arrival! CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. 2021 Ford Ranger Gray 4D Crew Cab 4WD XL 10-Speed Automatic Ranger XL, EcoBoost 2.3L I4 GTDi DOHC Turb...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH9MLD51302
    Stock: PEB10320
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-06-2025

  • $32,590
    fair price
    $340 above market
    • 25,795 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 969 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (20 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4FH7MLD29606
    Stock: 2003874070
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-19-2025

  • New Listing
    $23,998
    good price
    $983 below market
    • 61,050 miles
    • 5'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from VA to TX*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    • Apple Carplay/Androi...
    Close

    Located in Virginia Beach, VA / 1,322 miles away from Austin, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER4EH4MLD15616
    Stock: 27728474
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $22,990
    fair price
    $281 above market
    • 93,121 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 6'1” bed, 2.3l, 4cyl
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 869 miles away from Austin, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1FTER1EH4MLD10415
    Stock: 2003977751
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-09-2025

Showing 337 - 357 out of 702 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Ford Ranger

Read recent reviews for the Ford Ranger
Overall Consumer Rating
4.8 out of 5 stars17 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 17 reviews
  • 5 star
    (88%)
  • 4 star
    (6%)
  • 3 star
    (6%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (0%)
5 out of 5 stars

Fun to drive, high performance truck

DAVEHOD, 10/28/2024
2024 Ford Ranger Raptor 4dr Crew Cab 4WD SB (3.0L 6cyl Turbo 10A)
Not the best gas mileage, but otherwise the 2024 Ford Ranger Raptor is an awesome truck. It is especially fun to drive and has an awesome ride. Love the technology, customization and super great interior and comfortable seats. 10 speaker stereo with sub sounds awesome too, although the sub woofer could use some improvement. Build quality is meticulous and exterior led lighting … is the best i have seen. Built in options for additional pre-wired lighting isa plus also. Over all, I’m super happy with my Ford purchase and look forward to putting a few aftermarket accessories on it.
Report abuse

Used 2021 Ford Ranger in Austin, TX Values

Estimated values
2021 Ford Ranger XL 4dr Crew Cab SB (2.3L 4cyl Turbo 10A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$17,968$19,622$21,284
Clean$17,685$19,297$20,914
Average$17,214$18,756$20,298
Rough$16,602$18,052$19,496

The average list price of a used 2021 Ford Ranger in Austin, Texas is $27,181. The average mileage on a used Ford Ranger 2021 for sale in Austin, Texas is 52,337. Based on the average mileage of 52,337 for used 2021 Ford Ranger for sale in Austin, TX and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Ford Ranger 2021 in Austin, Texas to be $17,214.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Truck Details

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.