Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
4,395 listings
    • 80,012 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • Lexus of Austin (281 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 281 miles away from Midland, TX

    1-Year SiriusXM Radio Service, 3.45 Rear Axle Ratio, 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, 7.0 Touchscreen Display, 8 Speakers, ABS brakes, Air Conditioning, Air Condi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXDNXLW266819
    Stock: LU266819
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-19-2025

    • 42,572 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • INFINITI of San Antonio (268 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 268 miles away from Midland, TX

    Grubbs INFINITI of San Antonio is pleased to present you with another Market Priced Pre-Owned Vehicle that has gone through our comprehensive 167 poin...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXEG8NW174160
    Stock: NW174160
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-21-2025

    • 18,501 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • North Park Lexus of San Antonio (273 mi away)
    • Five Star Dealer
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in San Antonio, TX / 273 miles away from Midland, TX

    2-Door Passive Entry, Front Door Locks, 240 Amp Alternator, 4-Wheel Drive Swing Gate Decal, 4.10 Rear Axle Ratio, 7 & 4 Pin Wiring Harness, 97 MPH Veh...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJXDG1RW234346
    Stock: UW234346
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-02-2025

    • 10,000 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Texan Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram (428 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Humble, TX / 428 miles away from Midland, TX

    Clean CarFax!, Clean Vehicle History, Non Smoker Vehicle, LOCAL TRADE, LOW LOW MILES!!, ALL VEHICLES UNDERGO A 115 POINT SAFETY INSPECTION, Carfax 1 O...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJXFG1RW286047
    Stock: P9081A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-30-2025

    • 23,662 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 13 City / 17 Hwy MPG
    • Peters Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram (433 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Longview, TX / 433 miles away from Midland, TX

    Clean CARFAX.This 2022 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon 392 in High Velocity Clearcoat comes with the following features: SRT HEMI 6.4L V8 MDS 8-Speed ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    14 Combined MPG (13 City/17 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4JJXSJ3NW232810
    Stock: A8391A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-02-2025

    • 40,653 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • Clay Cooley Hyundai of Rockwall (336 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Rockwall, TX / 336 miles away from Midland, TX

    Odometer is 6241 miles below market average! Clean CARFAX. Snazzberry Pearlcoat 2022 Jeep Wrangler 4D Sport Utility Unlimited Sahara 2.0L I4 DOHC 21/2...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXEN8NW165375
    Stock: NW165375A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-27-2025

    • 12,433 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Holiday Chevrolet (324 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Whitesboro, TX / 324 miles away from Midland, TX

    4WD, Bluetooth, Hands-Free connection, Navigation, Backup Camera, Remote Start, Power Seat, Keyless Entry, Apple CarPlay, Google Android Auto, Wrangle...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4RJXDG4RW289768
    Stock: CUA89768
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

    • 29,225 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • Randall Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram (429 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Henderson, TX / 429 miles away from Midland, TX

    Low Miles, **ONE OWNER**, 125 vehicle inspection, Popular Equipment Package, 1-Year SiriusXM Guardian Trial, 2-Door Passive Entry, Front Door Locks, 4...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXDG6NW133060
    Stock: NW133060
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

    • 13,847 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4 Seats
    • Nyle Maxwell Chrysler Dodge Jeep RAM (276 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 276 miles away from Midland, TX

    CARFAX One-Owner.***Maxwell Certified Lifetime Powertrain Protection Warranty INCLUDED****Call us now at 512-219-3615*Lifetime Powertrain Protect...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJXAN6RW200003
    Stock: RW200003
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 09-11-2025

    • 15,094 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • Toyota of Boerne (254 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Boerne, TX / 254 miles away from Midland, TX

    CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX. 2024 Jeep Wrangler Sport S Grey Inspected, Bluetooth®, 1-Owner, Clean Carfax, Advanced Brake Assist, Automatic Headlam...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJXDN8RW306920
    Stock: 53041B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-20-2025

    • 58,671 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • AutoNation Toyota South Austin (285 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 285 miles away from Midland, TX

    Keyless StartThis vehicle includes a Money-Back Guarantee* and passed our precise inspection process. Best of all the price you see is the price yo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXEN6LW116236
    Stock: LW116236
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-17-2025

    • 27,428 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • Hacienda Auto Outlet (462 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Mcallen, TX / 462 miles away from Midland, TX

    Clean CARFAX. CARFAX One-Owner.**My Valley, My Ford** *THIS VEHICLE INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING FEATURES AND OPTIONS: Advanced Safety Group (Advanced Brake...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXEN6NW111654
    Stock: 111654
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-26-2025

  • New Listing
    $30,990
    fair price
    $208 below market
    • 16,896 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 1,244 miles away from Midland, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXDN4NW175175
    Stock: 2004066370
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-18-2025

    • 25,213 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4 Seats
    • Waxahachie Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram (309 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Waxahachie, TX / 309 miles away from Midland, TX

    Black Clearcoat 2024 Jeep Wrangler Sport S 2.0L I4 DOHC 4WD 8-Speed Automatic2 Years Free Oil Changes. Recent Arrival!

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJXANXRW161030
    Stock: FD67787B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-14-2025

  • New Listing
    • 13,599 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Wexford, PA / 1,361 miles away from Midland, TX

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Low Mileage,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Turbo/Supercharged,V6 Cylinder Engine,Brak...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXDN4NW246911
    Stock: A246911P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 6,226 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • AutoNation Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram Katy (407 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Katy, TX / 407 miles away from Midland, TX

    Transmission: 8-Speed Automatic (850Re)Sky 1-Touch Power Top4.88 Rear Axle RatioBlack ClearcoatMopar All-Weather Floor MatsKeyless StartConverti...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJXFG3RW313014
    Stock: RW313014
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-12-2025

    • 36,998 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4 Seats
    • CarMax Lubbock (108 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Lubbock, TX / 108 miles away from Midland, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4GJXAN9LW203565
    Stock: 27298754
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $29,500
    fair price
    $396 below market
    • 20,525 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Los Angeles, CA / 947 miles away from Midland, TX

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,Low Mileage,Rare Find,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Satellite Radio,Turbo/Supercharged,V6 Cylinder ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXDN5NW252474
    Stock: ZV11820
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 7,382 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Mac Haik Ford Houston (418 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 418 miles away from Midland, TX

    Thanks for Looking. Black Clearcoat 2024 Jeep Wrangler Sport S 4WD 8-Speed Automatic 3.6L V6 24V VVTOdometer is 957 miles below market average!

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4PJXDG9RW343315
    Stock: 252231A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-23-2025

    • 27,776 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 17 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Randall Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram (429 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Henderson, TX / 429 miles away from Midland, TX

    Low Miles, **ONE OWNER**, 125 vehicle inspection, Backup Camera, Popular Equipment Package, Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, Automatic Headlamps, Black 3-P...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (17 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXDG9NW181894
    Stock: NW181894
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 04-18-2025

    • 29,779 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 24 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 1,041 miles away from Midland, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    22 Combined MPG (21 City/24 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1C4HJXEN3NW128279
    Stock: 2003944607
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-11-2025

Showing 358 - 378 out of 4,395 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Jeep Wrangler

Read recent reviews for the Jeep Wrangler
Overall Consumer Rating
4.4 out of 5 stars75 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 75 reviews
  • 5 star
    (79%)
  • 4 star
    (8%)
  • 3 star
    (1%)
  • 2 star
    (1%)
  • 1 star
    (11%)
1 out of 5 stars

Don’t get the 2021 Wrangler!

Heather, 12/19/2022
2021 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sport RHD 4dr SUV 4WD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A)
Just don’t!! Custom built Wrangler Sport 2.0 Turbo in 2021. Less than 9 months and 13,500k miles in experienced shaking, loss of acceleration, and overheating. Towed and was diagnosed as engine failure. Almost 7 weeks with a loaner. Get it back from dealer and 2 months in at about 15k, loss of acceleration and shuts down. Told needs new transmission. Reach out finally to Jeep wave … where I’m informed the engine was never actually replaced, only part replacements. This is NOT the experience I was looking for when I purchased a brand new Jeep. Absolute nightmare.
Report abuse

Used 2020 Jeep Wrangler in Midland, TX Values

Estimated values
2020 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sport Altitude 4dr SUV 4WD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$27,045$29,559$31,992
Clean$26,251$28,659$30,984
Average$24,928$27,160$29,303
Rough$23,209$25,210$27,119

The average list price of a used 2020 Jeep Wrangler in Midland, Texas is $36,371. The average mileage on a used Jeep Wrangler 2020 for sale in Midland, Texas is 26,500. Based on the average mileage of 26,500 for used 2020 Jeep Wrangler for sale in Midland, TX and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Jeep Wrangler 2020 in Midland, Texas to be $24,928.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.