Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
585 listings
    • Not provided
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Oak Motors West (172 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 172 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKJ8JR404415
    Stock: 467484
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-06-2025

  • New Listing
    • 79,589 miles
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Braden GMC (26 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Carroll, OH / 26 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2JKL8NR255714
    Stock: LC255714
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-21-2025

  • New Listing
    $16,995
    fair price
    $282 above market
    • 162,096 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 8 Seats, 15 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • DM Motors (122 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Maple Heights, OH / 122 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2GKC9GR447231
    Stock: SK3554
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 94,961 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Downtown Bedford Auto (122 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Bedford, OH / 122 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKJ5JR249502
    Stock: 12802
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-19-2025

  • Advertisement

    3 Offers Nearby

    2025 GMC Yukon Denali Ultimate
    $78,995
    starting MSRP
    • 6 Colors
    • 5 Trims
    • 8 Packages
    View Offers 
    *The Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price excludes destination freight charge, tax, title, license, dealer fees, and optional equipment. Dealer sets final price. Click here to see all GMC vehicles’ destination freight charges.
    • 61,498 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Dave Arbogast Buick GMC (63 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Troy, OH / 63 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2JKL1NR108814
    Stock: G18927AT
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-11-2025

  • Price Drop
    $66,999
    great price
    $4,833 below market
    • 48,117 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 18 Hwy MPG
    • LaFontaine Buick GMC of Ann Arbor (162 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Ann Arbor, MI / 162 miles away from Columbus, OH

    2023 GMC Yukon XL Denali Ultimate Onyx Black Certified. Clean CARFAX. 4WD CARFAX One-Owner.Yukon XL Denali Ultimate, 4D Sport Utility, EcoTec3 6.2L V8...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2KKL8PR128292
    Stock: 25A1158A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-06-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 132,874 miles
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Cronin Nissan (97 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Richmond, IN / 97 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKJXJR243484
    Stock: T43120A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-20-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 120,111 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Ed Martin Buick GMC (171 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Carmel, IN / 171 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKJ8GR112109
    Stock: 551248B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-20-2025

  • Advertisement

    3 Offers Nearby

    2025 GMC Yukon Denali Ultimate
    $78,995
    starting MSRP
    • 6 Colors
    • 5 Trims
    • 8 Packages
    View Offers 
    *The Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price excludes destination freight charge, tax, title, license, dealer fees, and optional equipment. Dealer sets final price. Click here to see all GMC vehicles’ destination freight charges.
    • Not provided
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Gravity Auto Sales (170 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Eastpointe, MI / 170 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKJ3JR336556
    Stock: 336556
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-11-2025

    • Not provided
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8 Seats, 15 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Jeffreys Auto Resale (178 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Clinton Township, MI / 178 miles away from Columbus, OH

    Financing for everyone with provable income for last 30 days Valid license or ID No repos on record Give us ur name and number so we can call u to fil...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2GKC5JR244134
    Stock: 244134
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-26-2025

  • $92,975
    good price
    $7,076 below market
    • 1,900 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 18 Hwy MPG
    • Ray Skillman Auto Center Buick GMC (168 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 168 miles away from Columbus, OH

    2025 GMC Yukon XL Denali 4WD Volcanic Red Tintcoat 4WD.10-Speed Automatic with Overdrive EcoTec3 6.2L V8 4WDIndy's largest selection of Buicks, GMC Tr...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2JRL6SR165592
    Stock: N1850A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-25-2025

  • $19,999
    good price
    $2,865 below market
    • 131,055 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Germain Subaru of Columbus (9 mi away)
    • Five Star Dealer
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 9 miles away from Columbus, OH

    Experience luxury, power, and space with the 2015 GMC Yukon XL Denali. This full-size SUV boasts a commanding 6.2L V8 engine, premium leather interior...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2JKJ0FR627787
    Stock: SFR627787
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-05-2025

  • Advertisement

    3 Offers Nearby

    2025 GMC Yukon Denali Ultimate
    $78,995
    starting MSRP
    • 6 Colors
    • 5 Trims
    • 8 Packages
    View Offers 
    *The Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price excludes destination freight charge, tax, title, license, dealer fees, and optional equipment. Dealer sets final price. Click here to see all GMC vehicles’ destination freight charges.
  • $66,505
    good price
    $4,618 below market
    • 30,080 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • VanDevere Buick (107 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Akron, OH / 107 miles away from Columbus, OH

    20 PREMIUM WHEELS, APPLE/ANDROID CARPLAY, BACKUP CAMERA, Bluetooth , CRUISE CONTROL, FORWARD COLLISION ALERT, FOUR WHEEL DRIVE-4WD, HEATED & COOLED S...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (15 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKD3PR255379
    Stock: BC19656
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-23-2025

  • New Listing
    $16,599
    great price
    $2,612 below market
    • 167,495 miles
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Pristine Auto Sales (184 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Pontiac, MI / 184 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKJ8HR206766
    Stock: 167495
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-23-2025

  • $15,988
    good price
    $2,088 below market
    • 155,594 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 8 Seats, 15 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • S & H Auto Sales Osceola (197 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Osceola, IN / 197 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKC7FR120508
    Stock: C120508
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-18-2025

  • $16,748
    good price
    $1,407 below market
    • 170,562 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 8 Seats, 15 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Ballas Buick GMC (120 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Toledo, OH / 120 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2GKC7HR112812
    Stock: T33725A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2025

  • Advertisement

    3 Offers Nearby

    2025 GMC Yukon Denali Ultimate
    $78,995
    starting MSRP
    • 6 Colors
    • 5 Trims
    • 8 Packages
    View Offers 
    *The Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price excludes destination freight charge, tax, title, license, dealer fees, and optional equipment. Dealer sets final price. Click here to see all GMC vehicles’ destination freight charges.
  • New Listing
    $89,500
    fair price
    $2,103 below market
    • 2,700 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 18 Hwy MPG
    • Lambert Buick GMC (112 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Cuyahoga Falls, OH / 112 miles away from Columbus, OH

    Recent Arrival! Backup Camera, Bluetooth®, Leather Seats, Moonroof, Heated Seats, Yukon XL Denali, 4D Sport Utility, EcoTec3 6.2L V8, 10-Speed Automat...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2JRL9SR242536
    Stock: 26069A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-11-2025

  • $16,400
    good price
    $1,427 below market
    • 176,147 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 8 Seats, 15 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • 3 Brothers Auto Group (64 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Dayton, OH / 64 miles away from Columbus, OH

    Visit 3 Brothers Auto Group LLC online at www.3brothersautogroup.com to see more pictures of this vehicle or call us at 9**-8**-1*** today to schedule...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2GKC5HR155660
    Stock: 155660
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    $59,557
    good price
    $3,090 below market
    • 47,178 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 18 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz Indianapolis (164 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 164 miles away from Columbus, OH

    Sterling Metallic 2023 GMC Denali 10-Speed Automatic with Overdrive EcoTec3 6.2L V8 Dealer Maintained, Local Trade, Non-Smoker, 14 Speakers, 15" Diago...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (14 City/18 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2JKL5PR197161
    Stock: TR197161
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-23-2025

  • Price Drop
    $45,487
    good price
    $2,916 below market
    • 89,523 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Latham, NY / 515 miles away from Columbus, OH

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,High Demand,3rd Row Seat,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Keyless Star...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (15 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2GKD4PR120521
    Stock: PR120521A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $60,900
    good price
    $3,536 below market
    • 45,554 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 19 Hwy MPG
    • Glassman Mitsubishi (172 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Southfield, MI / 172 miles away from Columbus, OH

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    16 Combined MPG (15 City/19 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2HKD8PR277538
    Stock: R277538T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-27-2025

Showing 316 - 336 out of 585 listings

Consumer Reviews for the GMC Yukon XL

Read recent reviews for the GMC Yukon XL
Overall Consumer Rating
4.3 out of 5 stars27 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 27 reviews
  • 5 star
    (67%)
  • 4 star
    (15%)
  • 3 star
    (7%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (11%)
5 out of 5 stars

Dependable, easy to drive, never a problem.

LCH, 05/09/2018
2018 GMC Yukon XL SLE 4dr SUV (5.3L 8cyl 6A)
I've owned this car for 4 years and it's been, by far, the most reliable car I've ever had. Not one problem. I bought it specifically for the space. It replaced a Ford Excursion, which was large, but gave me nothing but problems. The Yukon is sightly more difficult for me to park, but aside from that, it's a terrific family car. I highly recommend bucket seats in the second row: … you'll want to keep this car long after the kids get big and they eventually won't like climbing over the seat. Adults fit just fine in the third row (wouldn't be my first choice, but it will do in a pinch). The only down side is that you'll be stuck driving for every out-of-town trip.
Report abuse

Used 2018 GMC Yukon XL in Columbus, OH Values

Estimated values
2018 GMC Yukon XL Denali 4dr SUV 4WD (6.2L 8cyl 10A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$23,262$26,615$29,379
Clean$22,755$26,017$28,699
Average$21,911$25,021$27,565
Rough$20,813$23,725$26,092

The average list price of a used 2018 GMC Yukon XL in Columbus, Ohio is $44,411. The average mileage on a used GMC Yukon XL 2018 for sale in Columbus, Ohio is 95,391. Based on the average mileage of 95,391 for used 2018 GMC Yukon XL for sale in Columbus, OH and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used GMC Yukon XL 2018 in Columbus, Ohio to be $21,911.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.