Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
176 listings
  • $23,285
    good price
    $2,725 below market
    • 88,754 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 22 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Big Two Toyota of Chandler (12 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Chandler, AZ / 12 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    This 2019 Toyota Avalon XSE is a certified pre-owned sedan that has been driven 88,754 miles. It features a 3.5 liter 6 cylinder engine with fuel inje...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BZ1FB0KU037747
    Stock: 93509A
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 08-03-2025

  • $23,449
    great price
    $1,888 below market
    • 86,965 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 22 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • AutoNation Toyota Tempe (6 mi away)
    • Home delivery*Five Star Dealer
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Tempe, AZ / 6 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    The following items have been reconditioned on this vehicle: new brakes! Advanced Safety PackageSun/MoonroofNavigation SystemFour Season Floor M...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BZ1FB4KU035502
    Stock: KU035502
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

  • New Listing
    $15,988
    good price
    $1,176 below market
    • 108,454 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • INFINITI of Scottsdale (15 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Scottsdale, AZ / 15 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB8HU262190
    Stock: P8077A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    $19,998
    good price
    $1,987 below market
    • 49,291 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Phoenix - West Valley (20 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Tolleson, AZ / 20 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB1HU255520
    Stock: 27357507
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $28,999
    fair price
    $352 below market
    • 40,934 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 22 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Arrowhead Honda (23 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Peoria, AZ / 23 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    CARFAX One-Owner. Celestial Silver Metallic 2019 Toyota Avalon Touring FWD 8-Speed Automatic 3.5L V6 DOHC Dual VVT-i 24V 8-Speed Automatic, ABS brakes...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BZ1FB5KU029451
    Stock: 185998B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-25-2025

  • $24,271
    fair price
    $265 above market
    • 62,962 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 22 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • AutoNation Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram North Phoenix (18 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 18 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    Moonroof PackageSun/MoonroofCarpet Mat PackageLane Keeping AssistKeyless Start50 State EmissionsCelestial Silver MetallicGraphite; Softex Seat ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BZ1FB9KU006870
    Stock: KU006870
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-30-2025

  • New Listing
    • 83,048 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Prime Dealer (6 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Mesa, AZ / 6 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: Yes

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB0HU249028
    Stock: P1466
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Stock photo**
    $15,943
    great price
    $2,567 below market
    • 99,110 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Miracle Motors AZ (8 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Chandler, AZ / 8 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB1JU279418
    Stock: D25-1024
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-23-2025

  • Price Drop
    $24,993
    good price
    $1,444 below market
    • 55,077 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 22 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Tempe Honda (6 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Tempe, AZ / 6 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    *SUNROOF/MOONROOF, *LEATHER, *PUSH BUTTON START, *LOCAL TRADE, *LOW LOW MILES, 8-Speed Automatic.Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! CARFAX One-Own...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1EZ1FB9LU045523
    Stock: X07344
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-11-2025

  • $23,590
    fair price
    $124 below market
    • 55,758 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 1,577 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB6JU287398
    Stock: 2003938046
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-04-2025

  • New Listing
    $26,990
    fair price
    $74 above market
    • 21,609 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 635 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB6JU266468
    Stock: 2003963731
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-08-2025

  • $25,990
    fair price
    $442 below market
    • 26,466 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Chicago, IL / 1,413 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB1JU271609
    Stock: 2003992949
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    $20,990
    fair price
    $379 below market
    • 89,644 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 832 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB2JU266869
    Stock: 2003945788
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-07-2025

  • New Listing
    $24,981
    fair price
    $885 below market
    • 40,902 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Earnhardt Toyota (13 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Mesa, AZ / 13 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    2018 Toyota Avalon Limited -- Cr me Brulee Mica -- Almond Leather Interior -- 40,896 Miles -- Earnhardt Toyota, Mesa AZ The 2018 Toyota Avalon Limit...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB3JU269554
    Stock: T60079A
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 09-20-2025

  • $18,590
    fair price
    $910 above market
    • 82,422 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 21 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Phoenix (12 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 12 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB3GU237339
    Stock: 2003884754
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-26-2025

  • $27,999
    fair price
    $831 above market
    • 46,350 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 22 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Holmes Tuttle Ford Lincoln (96 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Tucson, AZ / 96 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1AZ1FB5LU053519
    Stock: H250665A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-13-2025

  • $24,990
    fair price
    $66 below market
    • 46,940 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 1,773 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB7JU267063
    Stock: 2004071438
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-15-2025

  • New Listing
    • 17,624 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 1,785 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB8JU268545
    Stock: 2004093147
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-19-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 32,264 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Tampa, FL / 1,785 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB6JU286056
    Stock: 2004072326
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-12-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 29,166 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 1,773 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB5JU271080
    Stock: 2004066650
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-12-2025

    • 38,445 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Expo Auto Sales (8 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 8 miles away from Tempe, AZ

    RESTORE SALVAGE TITLE. Restored salvage is a vehicle that was previously issued a certificate of title branded as salvage, but has now been repaired/r...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 4T1BK1EB5JU274903
    Stock: 274903
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-10-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 176 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Toyota Avalon

Read recent reviews for the Toyota Avalon
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars37 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 37 reviews
  • 5 star
    (59%)
  • 4 star
    (22%)
  • 3 star
    (5%)
  • 2 star
    (3%)
  • 1 star
    (11%)
5 out of 5 stars

2018 Avalon Limited - 54 Month Review

Tim, 03/18/2018
2018 Toyota Avalon Limited 4dr Sedan (3.5L 6cyl 6A)
I've had my 2018 Avalon Limited for 54 months and 52,500 miles. I love the Avalon - how it handles, comfort and the amenities. I just had service completed on my Avalon, and after the detail, it still looks showroom new. It saddens me to hear that Toyota will be discontinuing the Avalon after 2022. It is way too soon to upgrade as there is quite a bit of life left in my 2018.
Report abuse

Used 2019 Toyota Avalon in Tempe, AZ Values

Estimated values
2019 Toyota Avalon XSE 4dr Sedan (3.5L 6cyl 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$23,080$25,209$27,114
Clean$22,377$24,422$26,245
Average$21,207$23,109$24,797
Rough$19,685$21,403$22,915

The average list price of a used 2019 Toyota Avalon in Tempe, Arizona is $22,986. The average mileage on a used Toyota Avalon 2019 for sale in Tempe, Arizona is 57,247. Based on the average mileage of 57,247 for used 2019 Toyota Avalon for sale in Tempe, AZ and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Toyota Avalon 2019 in Tempe, Arizona to be $21,207.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.