Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
3,406 listings
  • $26,425
    good price
    $1,789 below market
    • 116,615 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Reiselman Ford (289 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Dickson, TN / 289 miles away from Springfield, IL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJ4HR361334
    Stock: 3R679
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-07-2025

  • Price Drop
    $26,482
    fair price
    $274 below market
    • 117,292 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • McLarty Mazda (373 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in North Little Rock, AR / 373 miles away from Springfield, IL

    McLarty Automotive located at 6030 Landers Rd Sherwood, Ar is proud to present this nicely equipped.Leather, Navigation System, 5 Auxiliary 12-volt ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJ4HR209182
    Stock: HR209182
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-15-2025

    • 115,691 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • McCluskey Chevrolet (287 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 287 miles away from Springfield, IL

    Call McCluskey Chevrolet at 513-741-1111 to schedule your Free 48 Hour Test Drive.MCCLUSKEY CHEVROLET'S FREE LIFETIME MECHANICAL WARRANTY Unlimited ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJ1KR290911
    Stock: A56148HT
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-21-2025

  • Stock photo**
    $19,850
    fair price
    $327 above market
    • 142,753 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 8 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Fishers Imports (194 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Fishers, IN / 194 miles away from Springfield, IL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2BKC5HR175944
    Stock: WI5944T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-22-2025

  • New Listing
    $36,590
    fair price
    $987 above market
    • 102,617 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Birmingham (462 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Birmingham, AL / 462 miles away from Springfield, IL

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS1CKJ5KR404735
    Stock: 2003735160
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-14-2025

  • $37,998
    fair price
    $610 above market
    • 73,186 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Town Center (489 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Kennesaw, GA / 489 miles away from Springfield, IL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2BKC8KR319798
    Stock: 26163484
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 122,249 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Inver Grove Honda (392 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Inver Grove Heights, MN / 392 miles away from Springfield, IL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJXHR175006
    Stock: S5580A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-21-2025

  • New Listing
    $22,988
    fair price
    $303 above market
    • 115,827 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use
    • 8 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Hubler Auto Center (224 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Third-row seating
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Rushville, IN / 224 miles away from Springfield, IL

    KEY FEATURES INCLUDEThird Row Seat, Trailer Hitch. Onboard Communications System, Chrome Wheels, Steering Wheel Controls, Alarm, Electronic Stability ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2AKC8HR192277
    Stock: P7520A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-03-2025

  • $24,798
    fair price
    $66 above market
    • 134,067 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Car Store USA (434 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Wichita, KS / 434 miles away from Springfield, IL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJ5HR167203
    Stock: 16193
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-31-2025

  • New Listing
    $27,992
    fair price
    $121 below market
    • 102,296 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • AutoNation GMC Mendenhall (327 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Memphis, TN / 327 miles away from Springfield, IL

    Wheels; 22" X 9" (55.9 Cm X 22.9 Cm) 6-Spoke Chrome Multi-Featured DesignOpen Road PackageAssist Steps; Power-RetractableEntertainment System; Rear...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS1CKJ7HR180327
    Stock: HR180327
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-03-2025

  • New Listing
    $38,823
    fair price
    $684 above market
    • 80,279 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Dellen Chevrolet GMC (204 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Greenfield, IN / 204 miles away from Springfield, IL

    Recent Arrival! **NAVIGATION!**, **NON-SMOKER!**, **LEATHER INTERIOR**, **MOONROOF**, **4X4**, **FACTORY DVD PLAYER**, **7 PASSENGER!**, **HEATED FRON...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJ8KR305145
    Stock: GS298A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-02-2025

  • New Listing
    $26,295
    fair price
    $111 above market
    • 89,064 miles
    • 8 Seats, 16 City / 23 Hwy MPG
    • Covington Pike DriveTime (320 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Memphis, TN / 320 miles away from Springfield, IL

    Shop at DriveTime: Get started on your personalized car-buying journey today. With no credit impact, you can get approved for your real, personalized ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    19 Combined MPG (16 City/23 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS1BKC5HR131266
    Stock: 1330074288
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

    • 110,201 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 8 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Gregg Young Chevrolet GMC Atlantic (302 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Atlantic, IA / 302 miles away from Springfield, IL

    Our 2017 Yukon GMC SLT 4WD presented to you in Iridium Metallic has you covered with safety, security, capability, and comfort! Powered by a 5.3 Liter...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2BKC1HR389619
    Stock: 10C1977B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-21-2025

  • Price Drop
    $28,499
    fair price
    $1,209 above market
    • 157,626 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Walser Nissan Wayzata (406 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Wayzata, MN / 406 miles away from Springfield, IL

    At Walser, you’ll get an exceptional car-buying experience. Our *streamlined process* means you’ll work with one dedicated customer specialist to help...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJXKR235101
    Stock: 24N1260P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

  • Price Drop
    $19,995
    great price
    $5,783 below market
    • 143,345 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Redford Auto Quality Used Cars (376 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Redford, MI / 376 miles away from Springfield, IL

    JUST IN at Redford Auto Quality Used Cars 2018 GMC Yukon SLT - $20,995 ?? Located in Redford MI ?? Call or text us: 3**-7**-1*** Looking for space, st...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2BKC3JR275692
    Stock: 275692
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-25-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 142,745 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 8 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Bob Poynter Buick Chevrolet GMC (210 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Seymour, IN / 210 miles away from Springfield, IL

    *4WD Tow Package Heated & Cooled Leather Navigation Bose Audio Sunroof*Come see this 2017 GMC Yukon SLT. Its Automatic transmission and Gas V8 5.3L/32...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2BKC4HR138402
    Stock: V1921A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-09-2025

  • $38,850
    fair price
    $508 above market
    • 96,260 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Audi Tulsa (425 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Tulsa, OK / 425 miles away from Springfield, IL

    2019 GMC Yukon Denali, 10 Speakers, 3rd row seats: split-bench, 4-Wheel Antilock Disc Brakes, 4-Wheel Disc & 4-Wheel VAC Power Antilock Brakes, 4-Whee...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJ3KR175114
    Stock: SL116155A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-14-2025

    • 104,517 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 20 Hwy MPG
    • Hubler Chevrolet (187 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 187 miles away from Springfield, IL

    NAV KEY FEATURES INCLUDELeather Seats, Quad Bucket Seats, Power Liftgate, Rear Air, Heated Driver Seat, Heated Rear Seat, Cooled Driver Seat, Back-Up ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/20 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJ5HR378675
    Stock: 251420A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-13-2025

  • Price Drop
    $31,810
    fair price
    $746 above market
    • 100,393 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 15 City / 21 Hwy MPG
    • Jim Trenary of Union (118 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Union, MO / 118 miles away from Springfield, IL

    Leather heated and cooled front bucket memory seats, heated 2nd row bench seat, 3rd row seat, backup camera, running boards, moonroof, keyless entry a...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (15 City/21 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2BKC6KR343369
    Stock: UP4666A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-14-2025

  • New Listing
    • 102,770 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 8 Seats, 16 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Memphis (325 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Third-row seating
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Memphis, TN / 325 miles away from Springfield, IL

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    18 Combined MPG (16 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2AKC0HR357898
    Stock: 2003666890
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-21-2025

    • 63,127 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 14 City / 22 Hwy MPG
    • Volvo Cars Of Saint Louis (90 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Saint Louis, MO / 90 miles away from Springfield, IL

    Packages That Make Driving the GMC Yukon Denali An Experience Sunroof, Bluetooth, Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, Heated/Vented Seats, SiriusXM, NavTraff...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    17 Combined MPG (14 City/22 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 1GKS2CKJ7KR398563
    Stock: V7953
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-12-2025

Showing 106 - 126 out of 3,406 listings

Consumer Reviews for the GMC Yukon

Read recent reviews for the GMC Yukon
Overall Consumer Rating
3.4 out of 5 stars32 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 32 reviews
  • 5 star
    (47%)
  • 4 star
    (9%)
  • 3 star
    (9%)
  • 2 star
    (6%)
  • 1 star
    (28%)
4 out of 5 stars

Solid Effort with great new Transmission

MikeO, 11/02/2017
2018 GMC Yukon Denali 4dr SUV 4WD (6.2L 8cyl 10A)
Great engine and new 10 speed transmission. Shifts really smooth and its never guessing on when to down shift or search for gears. Great on the highway. Rear visibility due to the middle row seat and C pillars is poor at best. Must use your mirrors and trust the tech. The tech is awesome and unrivalled by others. Touch screen is easy to use, love the layout, response time is great. … High step in, but its a big car and I knew that. Gas mileage is ok for a big car, cylinder deactivation is seemless. Turning radius is good for a big SUV. Overall please so far, two weeks under my belt.
Report abuse

Used 2017 GMC Yukon in Springfield, IL Values

Estimated values
2017 GMC Yukon Denali 4dr SUV 4WD (6.2L 8cyl 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$20,947$24,349$26,951
Clean$20,420$23,709$26,212
Average$19,543$22,642$24,979
Rough$18,403$21,255$23,377

The average list price of a used 2017 GMC Yukon in Springfield, Illinois is $29,410. The average mileage on a used GMC Yukon 2017 for sale in Springfield, Illinois is 111,091. Based on the average mileage of 111,091 for used 2017 GMC Yukon for sale in Springfield, IL and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used GMC Yukon 2017 in Springfield, Illinois to be $19,543.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.