Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
528 listings

Save with BMW 5 Series rebates
Check your savings potential before you buy

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $24,995
    good price
    $3,441 below market
    • 70,516 miles
    • 21 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • PDX Motorcars (5 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Beaverton, OR / 5 miles away from Portland, OR

    Recent Arrival! Leather Seats, Heated Seats, Navigation System, Sunroof/Moonroof, Blind-Spot Alert, Parking Sensors, Clean Title, Black Leather, Activ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJE5C55JWA95177
    Stock: CP12935
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-21-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 90,756 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 15 mi est. electric range
    • 27 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Kuni Auto Center (6 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Beaverton, OR / 6 miles away from Portland, OR

    5 Series 530e xDrive iPerformance, 2.0L 4-Cylinder, 8-Speed Automatic, AWD, Black Leather, Local Trade In!, No Open Safety Recalls., Alloy Wheels, Bac...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (27 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJB1C54JB084032
    Stock: JB084032
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-31-2025

  • $16,980
    fair price
    $1,106 below market
    • 92,568 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 24 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • First National Auto (151 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Seattle, WA / 151 miles away from Portland, OR

    SPOTLESS CARFAX HISTORY, WEST COAST OWNED, DOCUMENTED SERVICE RECORDS, 2.0L 4-Cylinder, Black Leather, Active Blind Spot Detection, Active Driving Ass...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJA5C50JG898983
    Stock: 27164
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-08-2025

  • Price Drop
    $12,499
    good price
    $517 below market
    • 103,731 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • West Coast Auto Works - Everett (164 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Everett, WA / 164 miles away from Portland, OR

    WCA is offering this Don't miss out! Contact us today to schedule a test drive or for more information. ďż˝ WEST COAST AUTOWORKS 425-320-5555 ďż˝ 1...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (20 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA5B1C56GG132823
    Stock: 12065
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-03-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 55,805 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 15 mi est. electric range
    • 27 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • J&A Auto Sales (146 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bellevue, WA / 146 miles away from Portland, OR

    THE $4000.00 FEDERAL EV TAX CREDIT IS REFLECTED IN ADVERTISED PRICE, (CUSTOMER MUST QUALIFY FOR ELIGIBILITY - SEE IRS.GOV FOR ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (27 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJB1C50JB083976
    Stock: 083976
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $16,490
    fair price
    $931 above market
    • 59,923 miles
    • No accidents, 5 owners, personal use
    • 23 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Power Buick GMC of Salem (43 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Salem, OR / 43 miles away from Portland, OR

    Odometer is 17068 miles below market average! 23/34 City/Highway MPG RWD 8-Speed Automatic 2.0L I4Awards: * JD Power Vehicle Dependability Study ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (23 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA5A5C57GG354894
    Stock: K19099B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-05-2025

  • $16,989
    fair price
    $85 below market
    • 88,894 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 20 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Seattle MINI (151 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Seattle, WA / 151 miles away from Portland, OR

    Mediterranean Blue Metallic 2016 Mediterranean Blue Metallic BMW 5 Series One Owner! Convenience<ul class="vc_bui...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA5B3C58GG255826
    Stock: SP3941A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-30-2025

  • New Listing
    • 76,632 miles
    • 17 City / 25 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Portland (4 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Portland, OR / 4 miles away from Portland, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    20 Combined MPG (17 City/25 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAKN9C52GD962306
    Stock: 2003762628
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-10-2025

  • New Listing
    • 88,092 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 22 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Damerow Ford (5 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Beaverton, OR / 5 miles away from Portland, OR

    none

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA5A7C55GG145312
    Stock: 97539
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-28-2025

  • New Listing
    • 39,724 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Clackamas (11 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Milwaukie, OR / 11 miles away from Portland, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (20 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA5B1C5XGG133182
    Stock: 26834923
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $11,991
    good price
    $1,274 below market
    • 109,131 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Daytona Motor Co (158 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Lynnwood, WA / 158 miles away from Portland, OR

    2015 BMW 535I M SPORT Local Trade, Clean Title, 2 Previous Owners, Full power options, backup camera, Bluetooth, dual climate, heated leather seats, ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (20 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA5B1C54FD918846
    Stock: 918846
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-11-2025

  • $16,999
    fair price
    $231 below market
    • 90,370 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Logic Motors (7 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Portland, OR / 7 miles away from Portland, OR

    Visit us at: 930 SE 82nd Avenue, Portland, OR 97216 Call today to schedule your test drive or virtual walk-through! (5**) 5**-5*** Out-of-State? We ve...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJA5C31HG896099
    Stock: 896099
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-20-2025

  • $16,973
    fair price
    $293 above market
    • 80,210 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 20 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Apple Valley Honda (173 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in East Wenatchee, WA / 173 miles away from Portland, OR

    Apple Valley Honda is proud to offer this. 2015 BMW 5 Series 535i xDrive Imperial Blue Metallic 3.0L I6 DOHC 24V TwinPower Turbo Non Smoker, Backup Ca...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBA5B3C55FD541567
    Stock: 1791A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-07-2025

  • $32,590
    fair price
    $376 above market
    • 17,884 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 20 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 1,983 miles away from Portland, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJE7C36HG479285
    Stock: 2003851617
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-08-2025

  • New Listing
    • 31,421 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 24 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to OR*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Palm Desert, CA / 878 miles away from Portland, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJA5C37HG894826
    Stock: 27481893
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 76,198 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 24 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Los Angeles, CA / 831 miles away from Portland, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJA5C3XHG894643
    Stock: 2003793053
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-09-2025

  • New Listing
    • 43,820 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 20 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to OR*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fort Worth, TX / 1,618 miles away from Portland, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJE7C34HG886991
    Stock: 27510234
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 100,691 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 20 City / 29 Hwy MPG
    • Emerald City Motorsports (141 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Seattle, WA / 141 miles away from Portland, OR

    This might be the nicest 2017 BMW 5 Series 540i xDrive Sedan 4D AWD LOADED OUT THERE!!. Do not miss out on this one folks. Emerald City Motorsports is...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/29 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJE7C32HG888397
    Stock: 3249
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-19-2025

    • 73,869 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 24 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 1,003 miles away from Portland, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJA5C33HG893995
    Stock: 2003833563
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-12-2025

  • New Listing
    • 78,164 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 24 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Supreme Motors (127 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Auburn, WA / 127 miles away from Portland, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJA5C32HG894667
    Stock: 2514
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-09-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 72,356 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 24 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to OR*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Santa Rosa, CA / 493 miles away from Portland, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBAJA5C31HG897236
    Stock: 26797688
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 1 - 21 out of 528 listings

Consumer Reviews for the BMW 5 Series

Read recent reviews for the BMW 5 Series
Overall Consumer Rating
4.3 out of 5 stars15 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 15 reviews
  • 5 star
    (73%)
  • 4 star
    (7%)
  • 3 star
    (7%)
  • 2 star
    (0%)
  • 1 star
    (13%)
5 out of 5 stars

Great performance and technology!

Rick D., 07/02/2017
2017 BMW 5 Series 540i xDrive 4dr Sedan AWD (3.0L 6cyl Turbo 8A)
Interior is appealing with high quality materials. Smooth, powerful engine and transmission, strong/seamless acceleration from 0 to 130mph, confident handling, great soundproofing, heads up display, B&W entertainment system, comfortable seats, technology and sporty appearance are strong points. Took EU delivery and drove 2,360 miles in Germany, Switzerland, Italy and France. Great ride … in all conditions' high speed German autobahn, mountain, city and country roads. Have driven 5,000 miles since returning home. Really like the intelligent cruise control, which regulates speed to maintain safe distance from Car in front. Have owned eight BMW's, including four 5 series. This is the best 5 series BMW I have owned. After 12,000 miles on the car, the DSC (Dynamic Stability Control) Module failed. It took the BMW factory two weeks to provide a replacement part from Germany. Local BMW dealer paid for a rental car, but I was not happy that it took more than two weeks to return my car. Why did the DSC Module fail after only 12,000 miles? Dealer had no answer. Why did it take two weeks to provide a standard part that should have been readily available at BMW Germany factory and could have been overnight shipped? Dealer and BMW USA rep had no answer. Otherwise, I love my BMW 540ix and would still recommend it.
Report abuse

Used 2018 BMW 5 Series in Portland, OR Values

Estimated values
2018 BMW 5 Series 540i 4dr Sedan (3.0L 6cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$17,276$21,090$24,240
Clean$16,711$20,377$23,396
Average$15,769$19,190$21,989
Rough$14,545$17,647$20,160

The average list price of a used 2018 BMW 5 Series in Portland, Oregon is $20,122. The average mileage on a used BMW 5 Series 2018 for sale in Portland, Oregon is 73,369. Based on the average mileage of 73,369 for used 2018 BMW 5 Series for sale in Portland, OR and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used BMW 5 Series 2018 in Portland, Oregon to be $15,769.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Mileage

Accidents & History

EV Details

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.