Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
35 listings
  • $37,000
    fair price
    $480 above market
    • 26,252 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (24 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Ann Arbor, MI / 24 miles away from Wixom, MI

    Rare Find,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Keyless Start,Navigation System,Satellite Radio,Sunroof / Moonroof,Turbo/Supercharged,4 ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW89FF04P8D24004
    Stock: P8D24004P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $49,866
    good price
    $2,762 below market
    • 21,780 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 23 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Van Nuys, CA / 1,961 miles away from Wixom, MI

    Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Keyless Start,Navigation System,Satellite Radio,Sunroof / Moonroof,Turbo/Super...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW49FS01P8D53853
    Stock: P8D53853P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $54,000
    great price
    $4,006 below market
    • 13,583 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Serra Lexus Lansing (48 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Okemos, MI / 48 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CARFAX One-Owner.3 Series M340i xDrive, 4D Sedan, 3.0L I6, 8-Speed Automatic Sport, AWD, Black Sapphire Metallic, Black Leather, 10 Speakers, Active D...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW49FF00P8C93770
    Stock: B24242A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-10-2025

  • New Listing
    • 79,652 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 985 miles away from Wixom, MI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW49FF09P8C98644
    Stock: 2004080919
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-27-2025

  • $34,234
    good price
    $783 below market
    • 39,484 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Golling Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram (14 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Bloomfield Hills, MI / 14 miles away from Wixom, MI

    Accident Free Carfax History Report, Carfax One Owner!!, Local Trade**, 330i xDrive, 4D Sedan, 2.0L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16V Turbocharged, 8-Speed Automati...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW89FF04P8C82188
    Stock: NP256548
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-05-2025

  • $27,400
    great price
    $1,846 below market
    • 78,666 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 20 mi est. electric range
    • 22 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in San Francisco, CA / 2,060 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CarFax 1-Owner,Rare Find,Green Vehicle,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Keyless Start,Lane K...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW39FS07P8D06001
    Stock: P8D06001T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $35,998
    good price
    $2,029 below market
    • 18,149 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 20 mi est. electric range
    • 22 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in San Francisco, CA / 2,060 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Rare Find,Green Vehicle,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW39FS04P8C99993
    Stock: P8C99993T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 9,985 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 985 miles away from Wixom, MI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW69FF04P8D41781
    Stock: 2003999442
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-20-2025

  • $40,000
    fair price
    $995 above market
    • 30,987 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Erhard BMW of Farmington Hills (7 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Farmington Hills, MI / 7 miles away from Wixom, MI

    * M SPORT PACKAGE *, * DRIVER'S ASSISTANCE PACKAGE *, * PREMIUM PACKAGE *, * APPLE CAR PLAY *, * ANDROID AUTO *, * REMOTE ENGINE START *, * HARMAN KAR...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW89FF03P8D10126
    Stock: F2581201
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 08-27-2025

  • Price Drop
    $34,000
    good price
    $1,841 below market
    • 12,370 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 22 mi est. electric range
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Minnetonka, MN / 526 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Low Mileage,Green Vehicle,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Fre...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW39FF09P8C84240
    Stock: T5410179A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $35,883
    good price
    $1,898 below market
    • 21,346 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 22 mi est. electric range
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Fontana, CA / 1,913 miles away from Wixom, MI

    Green Vehicle,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heads-Up Display,Keyless Start,Lane Departure...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW39FF04P8D75500
    Stock: P8D75500P
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $51,990
    fair price
    $1,662 below market
    • 17,371 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 23 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 605 miles away from Wixom, MI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW49FS00P8D34193
    Stock: 2004103556
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-25-2025

  • EV RebatesCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a rebate. Buyer and car must qualify.
    $27,997
    good price
    $1,843 below market
    • 52,160 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 22 mi est. electric range
    • 24 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Ventura, CA / 1,999 miles away from Wixom, MI

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW39FF03P8C96948
    Stock: 8DMNV7
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-30-2025

  • New Listing
    $34,590
    fair price
    $961 below market
    • 22,167 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Birmingham, AL / 646 miles away from Wixom, MI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW69FF03P8D31470
    Stock: 2004108932
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-25-2025

  • New Listing
    $38,000
    fair price
    $204 below market
    • 15,400 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Minnetonka, MN / 526 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Automatic Parking,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftga...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW89FF04P8D20244
    Stock: S9125344A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $39,000
    good price
    $885 below market
    • 25,881 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Minnetonka, MN / 526 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heads-Up Displa...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW89FF00P8D00122
    Stock: S9138437A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $38,490
    fair price
    $413 below market
    • 23,398 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Freehold, NJ / 505 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Lane Keeping Assist,Navigation System,Remote Start,Sat...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW89FF01P8D38765
    Stock: BFR6741
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $33,590
    fair price
    $270 below market
    • 32,018 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Freehold, NJ / 505 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Navigatio...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW89FF08P8C93873
    Stock: BFR6735
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $38,990
    fair price
    $104 below market
    • 9,149 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 24 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Freehold, NJ / 505 miles away from Wixom, MI

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,CarFax 1-Owner,Low Mileage,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Lane Keeping ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (24 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW89FF06P8D17491
    Stock: BFP1079
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 36,964 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 20 mi est. electric range
    • 22 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Erhard BMW of Farmington Hills (7 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Farmington Hills, MI / 7 miles away from Wixom, MI

    Recent Arrival! * APPLE CAR PLAY *, * ANDROID AUTO *, * BLUETOOTH *, * CONVENIENCE PACKAGE *, * HEATED FRONT SEATS *, * HEATED STEERING WHEEL *, Comfo...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (22 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW39FS0XP8C95902
    Stock: CL383500
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 09-17-2025

  • $35,590
    fair price
    $992 above market
    • 28,318 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 25 City / 34 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 605 miles away from Wixom, MI

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (25 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MW69FF07P8D41323
    Stock: 2004076261
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-22-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 35 listings
Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters3Active

Location

Search radius50 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

EV Details

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details

* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.