Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
335 listings
  • New Listing
    • 46,645 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Southwest Freeway (76 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 76 miles away from China, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4AC2HK0N2773492
    Stock: 27296219
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 27,276 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Web Expo (251 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 251 miles away from China, TX

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! CARFAX One-Owner. 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, ABS brakes, Air Conditioning, Automatic temperature control, Dual front i...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UK9R2287435
    Stock: P287435
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-24-2025

    • 9,654 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Volvo Cars of Austin (204 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 204 miles away from China, TX

    Discover exceptional Scandinavian design with this Vapour Grey 2024 Volvo XC40 AWD B5 Plus Bright Theme SUV, featuring only 9,654 miles. Enjoy advance...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UE3R2375049
    Stock: V3428A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-07-2025

    • 5,144 miles
    • No accidents, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Volvo Cars Hill Country (212 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 212 miles away from China, TX

    You won't want to miss this excellent value! Rendered with stunning clarity and bold sophistication! A turbocharger further enhances performance, whil...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UM8R2353345
    Stock: H0288
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 02-23-2024

    • 5,729 miles
    • No accidents, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Volvo Cars Hill Country (212 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 212 miles away from China, TX

    This Volvo won't be on the lot long! You'll appreciate its safety and technology features! A turbocharger further enhances performance, while also pre...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UM8R2348520
    Stock: H0328
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-24-2024

    • 16,416 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Dallas (239 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 239 miles away from China, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4162UK7N2676321
    Stock: 2003798058
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-06-2025

    • 29,476 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • Hertz Car Sales Bedford (254 mi away)
    • Seat w/memory
    Close

    Located in Bedford, TX / 254 miles away from China, TX

    *All prices plus government fees and taxes, any finance charges, a dealer document preparation charge of $225, any electronic filing charge, and any e...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UK7R2344165
    Stock: 58926
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-18-2025

    • 25,131 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Volvo Cars of Austin (204 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 204 miles away from China, TX

    Experience the thrill of driving with this stunning black 2022 Volvo XC40 AWD T5 R-Design SUV. Powered by a robust 2.0L Turbo I4 engine paired with an...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4162UM9N2677147
    Stock: VP9143
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 05-29-2025

  • New Listing
    • 31,980 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Dallas (239 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 239 miles away from China, TX

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4AC2HK4N2774810
    Stock: 2003780414
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-17-2025

    • 49,348 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • AutoNation Honda Covington Pike (437 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Memphis, TN / 437 miles away from China, TX

    Leather SeatsLane Keeping AssistKeyless StartRear SpoilerThis vehicle includes a Money-Back Guarantee* and passed our precise inspection process...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4AC2HKXN2778294
    Stock: N2778294
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-12-2025

    • 31,280 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • Hertz Car Sales Oklahoma City (423 mi away)
    Close

    Located in Warr Acres, OK / 423 miles away from China, TX

    *All prices plus government fees and taxes, any finance charges, any electronic filing charge, and any emission testing charge. The price includes a d...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UK5R2287125
    Stock: 55973
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-30-2025

    • 51,054 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Memphis (442 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Memphis, TN / 442 miles away from China, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4AC2HK5N2779966
    Stock: 27323570
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 37,631 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • AutoNation USA Houston (67 mi away)
    • Five Star Dealer
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 67 miles away from China, TX

    Panoramic RoofLeather SeatsNavigation SystemLane Keeping AssistKeyless StartRear SpoilerThis vehicle includes a Money-Back Guarantee* and pass...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4162UM7N2755473
    Stock: N2755473
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-01-2025

    • 18,228 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Tupelo (441 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Saltillo, MS / 441 miles away from China, TX

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4AC2HK9N2777069
    Stock: 27218027
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $28,895
    great price
    $4,308 below market
    • 49,610 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Eskridge Chevrolet (438 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Guthrie, OK / 438 miles away from China, TX

    New Price! CARFAX One-Owner. Gray 2023 Volvo XC40 B5 Plus Dark Theme AWD Automatic with Geartronic 2.0L I4 Turbocharged DOHC 16V LEV3-ULEV70 **CLEAN V...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UWXP2980093
    Stock: C5055
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-07-2025

    • 46,486 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Web Expo (251 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Plano, TX / 251 miles away from China, TX

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! CARFAX One-Owner. 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, ABS brakes, Air Conditioning, Automatic temperature control, Dual front i...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UE7R2288934
    Stock: P288934
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-03-2025

  • New Listing
    • 59,472 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Family Mazda of Bossier City (174 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Bossier City, LA / 174 miles away from China, TX

    Denim Blue Metallic 2022 Volvo XC40 T4 Inscription FWD Automatic with Geartronic I4 Bluetooth, 12V Outlet in Cargo Area, 360 Degree Surround View Came...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4AC2HLXN2787960
    Stock: F243392A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-21-2025

    • 8,643 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Certified Autoplex (251 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Farmers Branch, TX / 251 miles away from China, TX

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! CARFAX One-Owner.2025 Volvo XC40 4D Sport Utility Crystal White Pearl B5 Core AWD Automatic with Geartronic 2...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UJ6S2475262
    Stock: S2475262
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-13-2025

  • Stock photo**
    • 46,902 miles
    • 2 accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Volvo Cars of Austin (204 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 204 miles away from China, TX

    Experience Scandinavian luxury and advanced safety in this dark blue 2022 Volvo XC40 AWD T5 Inscription. With its powerful 2.0L Turbo engine and intel...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4162UL7N2757862
    Stock: VP9162
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 06-19-2025

    • 10,387 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Certified Autoplex (251 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Farmers Branch, TX / 251 miles away from China, TX

    Priced below KBB Fair Purchase Price! CARFAX One-Owner. Clean CARFAX.Internet access capable: Digital Services Package w/ 4 Year Subscription, Lamin...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UJ4S2468410
    Stock: S2468410
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-10-2025

  • New Listing
    $31,908
    good price
    $1,773 below market
    • 45,383 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 23 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Enterprise Car Sales (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Lauderdale Lakes, FL / 900 miles away from China, TX

    Transfer of vehicle from another location to your neighborhood Enterprise Car Sales may require payment of a non-refundable transfer fee to begin the ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (23 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: YV4L12UW3P2949168
    Stock: 8DXWL9
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-08-2025

Showing 43 - 63 out of 335 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Volvo XC40

Read recent reviews for the Volvo XC40
Overall Consumer Rating
3.3 out of 5 stars40 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 40 reviews
  • 5 star
    (38%)
  • 4 star
    (8%)
  • 3 star
    (23%)
  • 2 star
    (18%)
  • 1 star
    (15%)
1 out of 5 stars

Volvo xc40 is total class

Miguel , 11/04/2021
2022 Volvo XC40 T5 Momentum 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A)
I love my new xc40 for its superb design, turbo engine, and especially sophisticated interior. This is my second Volvo and they just keep getting better and better now that Ford sold its stake in the company and they can freely create some of the best cars on the planet. Attention to detail and incredible reliability make these models top selling for Volvo. UPDATE: I have had three … Volvos and loved them all for many reasons including a beautiful design, good peppy engine…. But it was always safety at the top of my list since we have young children. That all went down the tube when my latest new xc40 had multiple incidents where the anti collision feature activated and we went into emergency braking. Any one of these could have caused à serious accident. Luckily I could regain control of the car but in all incidents there was nothing in the road and no danger. It was so bad my kids refused to get into the car. After multiple visits to the Volvo dealer it became clear they didn’t know how to prevent it from happening a 9th or 10th time. In contacting Volvo customer service I thought maybe they could help with a trade assist or do something helpful. They made it so much worse - and never let you speak with “non human facing technicians “. Their name for them not mine. It made me go from being a huge brand supporter to really despising the manufacturer. It’s so sad but I just had to sell the car and purchase a competing luxury brand. And of all reasons - because the vehicle wasn’t safe and volvo wouldn’t share any information or help find a solution.
Report abuse

Used 2022 Volvo XC40 in China, TX Values

Estimated values
2022 Volvo XC40 T4 Momentum 4dr SUV (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 8A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$22,284$24,495$26,802
Clean$21,987$24,156$26,417
Average$21,493$23,591$25,775
Rough$20,849$22,855$24,940

The average list price of a used 2022 Volvo XC40 in China, Texas is $32,537. The average mileage on a used Volvo XC40 2022 for sale in China, Texas is 31,042. Based on the average mileage of 31,042 for used 2022 Volvo XC40 for sale in China, TX and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Volvo XC40 2022 in China, Texas to be $21,493.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.