Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
887 listings
  • New Listing
    • 26,710 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 443 miles away from Reading, PA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMADL8MM208600
    Stock: 2004070462
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-20-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $18,999
    fair price
    $197 below market
    • 81,670 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Kia On The Boulevard (52 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Philadelphia, PA / 52 miles away from Reading, PA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCL4MM203711
    Stock: K260022A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-12-2025

  • $16,980
    fair price
    $106 above market
    • 82,006 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Fixl Automotive of Stroudsburg (58 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Stroudsburg, PA / 58 miles away from Reading, PA

    Discover the perfect blend of style, versatility, and performance with the 2021 Mazda CX-30. This compact SUV offers an attractive design that turns h...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMABL8MM234777
    Stock: SJ26109
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-12-2025

  • New Listing
    • 103,455 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CT to PA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Waterbury, CT / 175 miles away from Reading, PA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBL0MM218160
    Stock: 27844478
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 31,360 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Jake Sweeney Express (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 459 miles away from Reading, PA

    Jake Sweeney Is Here to Help! If you are in need of a new or used vehicle, we are offering you the ability to shop online and have your vehicle delive...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBDL1MM264691
    Stock: G19014
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-28-2025

  • New Listing
    • 58,004 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 1,264 miles away from Reading, PA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBAL8MM263056
    Stock: 2003999098
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-22-2025

    • 36,923 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 2,405 miles away from Reading, PA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBDL2MM305247
    Stock: 2004030003
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-29-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 39,171 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from IN to PA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Merrillville, IN / 599 miles away from Reading, PA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCL9MM269770
    Stock: 27217476
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $24,208
    fair price
    $252 below market
    • 35,486 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Billings, MT / 1,678 miles away from Reading, PA

    CarFax No Accidents Reported,Rare Find,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Heated Seats,Heated Steering Wheel,Keyless Start,Lane ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBDY2MM308371
    Stock: 23589CG
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $25,995
    fair price
    $149 above market
    • 34,803 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • Dover Dodge Chrysler Jeep Ram FIAT (83 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Rockaway, NJ / 83 miles away from Reading, PA

    Machine Gray Metallic 2023 Mazda CX-30 2.5 Turbo Premium Package AWD 6-Speed Automatic 2.5L I412 Speakers, 3.841 Axle Ratio, 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, ABS ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBDY0PM520898
    Stock: D5924A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-28-2025

  • New Listing
    $22,998
    fair price
    $11 below market
    • 41,024 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 22 City / 30 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to PA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Jacksonville, FL / 760 miles away from Reading, PA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/30 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBDY4MM305259
    Stock: 27567866
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Stock photo**
    $25,589
    fair price
    $617 above market
    • 17,693 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Hamilton Mazda (69 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Hamilton, NJ / 69 miles away from Reading, PA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCM5PM516795
    Stock: SC014667A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-10-2025

  • $23,281
    fair price
    $291 above market
    • 43,073 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Irwin Mazda (87 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Freehold, NJ / 87 miles away from Reading, PA

    One owner, no accidents and includes the FACTORY MAZDA CERTIFIED PRE OWNED WARRANTY at no additional cost to you. What's better than that Come see it ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCM1PM507110
    Stock: MU6303
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 05-18-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,998
    fair price
    $125 above market
    • 18,663 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to PA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Jacksonville, FL / 760 miles away from Reading, PA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCL6MM311182
    Stock: 27608036
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 16,041 miles
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to PA*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Inglewood, CA / 2,355 miles away from Reading, PA

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBL5MM319050
    Stock: 26220119
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    $21,780
    fair price
    $404 above market
    • 35,906 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 32 Hwy MPG
    • Ray Price Mazda (54 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Stroudsburg, PA / 54 miles away from Reading, PA

    The Price Promise Plus Package includes numerous benefits that you can take advantage of for as long as you own your car including: * *10% OFF* Servic...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBDL1MM316529
    Stock: H16529PS
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-11-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    $24,981
    fair price
    $158 above market
    • 25,965 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Mercedes-Benz of West Chester (36 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in West Chester, PA / 36 miles away from Reading, PA

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCM1PM500996
    Stock: PM500996T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

  • Price Drop
    $21,994
    fair price
    $77 below market
    • 42,275 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, rental vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 26 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Bob Weaver Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (27 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Pottsville, PA / 27 miles away from Reading, PA

    ***For Current Pricing Visit www.bobweaverauto.com***.CARFAX One-Owner.AWD 6-Speed Automatic SKYACTIV® 2.5L 4-Cylinder DOHC 16VRecent Arrival! 26/33 C...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBBM3PM529353
    Stock: 106569
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-08-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 1 mile
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 24 City / 31 Hwy MPG
    • Paul Miller Chevrolet (93 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in West Caldwell, NJ / 93 miles away from Reading, PA

    Certification Program Details: Paul Miller Certified Pre-Owned Details: * 125 Point Inspection * Limited Warranty: 6 Month / 6,000 Mile beginning afte...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    26 Combined MPG (24 City/31 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMBCL2MM316475
    Stock: W0081
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-07-2025

  • New Listing
    • 8,675 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Salt Lake City, UT / 1,872 miles away from Reading, PA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMABL8MM217722
    Stock: 2004073159
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-18-2025

    • 79,915 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 25 City / 33 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 2,405 miles away from Reading, PA

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    28 Combined MPG (25 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 3MVDMABL4MM230614
    Stock: 2003950415
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-14-2025

Showing 106 - 126 out of 887 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mazda CX-30

Read recent reviews for the Mazda CX-30
Overall Consumer Rating
4.1 out of 5 stars57 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 57 reviews
  • 5 star
    (63%)
  • 4 star
    (9%)
  • 3 star
    (14%)
  • 2 star
    (5%)
  • 1 star
    (9%)
5 out of 5 stars

Roadie Report - CT to Texas and back - all good

Eclem, 04/12/2021
2021 Mazda CX-30 Select 4dr SUV AWD (2.5L 4cyl 6A)
We took our new CX30 on an extended roadie from CT down to TX and back during October. Gas mileage averaged 35 mpg at approx. 70 mph for the 4300 miles. We did a lot of mountain driving on top of tons of flat interstate driving that demanded good truck & RV passing power - the CX 30 has plenty of power. There was ample space for luggage and lots of other stuff in the rear with the seats … folded down. The BIG deal was the quiet and comfort - we are in our seventies and 10 hour stints were possible without any pain or drama - a really great road car. The best I've ever owned and I have had many.
Report abuse

Used 2021 Mazda CX-30 in Reading, PA Values

Estimated values
2021 Mazda CX-30 Premium 4dr SUV (2.5L 4cyl 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$18,647$20,498$22,364
Clean$18,207$19,987$21,777
Average$17,475$19,136$20,799
Rough$16,522$18,030$19,527

The average list price of a used 2021 Mazda CX-30 in Reading, Pennsylvania is $22,334. The average mileage on a used Mazda CX-30 2021 for sale in Reading, Pennsylvania is 40,896. Based on the average mileage of 40,896 for used 2021 Mazda CX-30 for sale in Reading, PA and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Mazda CX-30 2021 in Reading, Pennsylvania to be $17,475.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius100 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.