Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
82 listings
  • $24,895
    good price
    $1,694 below market
    • 47,201 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Philly Auto (195 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Philadelphia, PA / 195 miles away from Albany, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX2M1024648
    Stock: 13667
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-27-2025

    • 17,718 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Jaguar West Chester (212 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in West Chester, PA / 212 miles away from Albany, NY

    Certified. CARFAX One-Owner. BLUETOOTH HANDS FREE PHONE, BACK - UP REAR VIEW CAMERA, NAVIGATION, PANORAMICE ROOF, APPLE CAR PALY - ANDROID AUTO, ALL W...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX8M1026825
    Stock: P5650
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 06-17-2025

  • Price Drop
    $22,588
    fair price
    $520 below market
    • 31,632 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Memorial Highway Chevrolet of West Mifflin (357 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in West Mifflin, PA / 357 miles away from Albany, NY

    ****FREE DELIVERY UP TO 3 HOURS AWAY*** ***LIFETIME INSPECTIONS***Odometer is 35299 miles below market average! Clean CARFAX! Extra Clean! All Wheel...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFK2FX4L1000803
    Stock: W1230B
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-18-2025

  • $23,495
    fair price
    $106 below market
    • 44,595 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • R21 Motorsports (422 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Canal Fulton, OH / 422 miles away from Albany, NY

    Make sure to ask us about our super simple financing process! We offer awesome extended service contracts, nationwide shipping and even remote purchas...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX8L1Z76388
    Stock: D1693
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-14-2025

  • New Listing
    $19,657
    fair price
    $185 above market
    • 78,589 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Jaguar White Plains (111 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Elmsford, NY / 111 miles away from Albany, NY

    Fixed Panoramic RoofPanoramic RoofCold Climate PackInteractive Driver DisplayKeyless Entry14-Way Heated Memory Front SeatsSiriusXM Satellite Rad...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX4L1010085
    Stock: L1010085
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-31-2025

  • New Listing
    • 50,420 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Madison Ford (381 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Madison, VA / 381 miles away from Albany, NY

    White 2022 Jaguar E-PACE P250 SE AWD 9-Speed Automatic 2.0L I4 16V Turbocharged Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, Exterior Parking Camera Rear, Heated front...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FXXN1029937
    Stock: 22819A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-02-2025

  • Price Drop
    $19,670
    fair price
    $328 below market
    • 73,091 miles
    • 2 accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • AutoDot (279 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Sykesville, MD / 279 miles away from Albany, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FXXL1Z88574
    Stock: 2001790
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 62,393 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Haley Chrysler Dodge Jeep Ram (403 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Richmond, VA / 403 miles away from Albany, NY

    *Vehicle pricing excludes tax, title, tags, $799 processing fee, and $319 fee for theft protection etch.*

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX3L1Z88674
    Stock: C313492A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-31-2025

  • $28,763
    great price
    $1,940 below market
    • 26,458 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Maserati of Bergen County (112 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Upper Saddle River, NJ / 112 miles away from Albany, NY

    Contact Maserati of Bergen County today for information on dozens of vehicles like this 2021 Jaguar E-PACE 300 Sport, AWD, PANO ROOF, UPGRADED WHEELS!...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12GX7M1017422
    Stock: BCM2042
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 11-14-2024

  • Photos not available
    $27,995
    great price
    $2,011 below market
    • 16,592 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Motorhub (140 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Avelnwood, NY / 140 miles away from Albany, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX3M1019393
    Stock: MH2974
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-21-2025

  • New Listing
    • 81,731 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • J&M Automotive (89 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Naugatuck, CT / 89 miles away from Albany, NY

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX7L1Z81758
    Stock: 2081758
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $27,265
    fair price
    $407 below market
    • 48,642 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Jaguar Hartford (82 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Hartford, CT / 82 miles away from Albany, NY

    JAGUAR CERTIFIED WITH FACTORY WARRANTY TO SEPTEMBER 2027 OR 100,000 MILES!!! OPTIONS INCLUDE PANORAMIC MOONROOF ($1250)...CLEAR SIGHT DIGITAIL REAR VI...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FXXM1019181
    Stock: J770
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-04-2025

  • New Listing
    $32,236
    fair price
    $81 above market
    • 14,268 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Auto Lenders of Lakewood (179 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Lakewood, NJ / 179 miles away from Albany, NY

    CertificationThis Auto Lenders Certified 2021 Jaguar E-PACE has passed our rigorous 110 pt inspection. All Auto Lenders Certified cars are guaranteed ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX5M1026877
    Stock: M1026877
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-01-2025

  • $28,998
    fair price
    $375 above market
    • 32,044 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from WA to NY*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Puyallup, WA / 2,357 miles away from Albany, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADF12GX6M1023695
    Stock: 27454136
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 33,173 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Trust Auto (280 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Sykesville, MD / 280 miles away from Albany, NY

    This Loaded Black on Black 2019 Jaguar E-PACE R-Dynamic HSE AWD Luxury SUV is offered to you for sale by Trust Auto. This Jaguar includes: ILLUMINATED...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFM2GX1K1Z69630
    Stock: Z69630
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-16-2025

    • 20,496 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Frederick (302 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Gaithersburg, MD / 302 miles away from Albany, NY

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX9K1Z70839
    Stock: 27653531
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 19,199 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana - Cleveland (416 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 416 miles away from Albany, NY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFJ2FX6K1Z39307
    Stock: 2003934136
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-01-2025

  • Price Drop
    $21,895
    great price
    $4,115 below market
    • 31,282 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Smythe Volvo Cars (136 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Summit, NJ / 136 miles away from Albany, NY

    ***LOW MILEAGE***, Apple CarPlay/Android Auto, Brake assist, Connect Pro Pack, Exterior Parking Camera Rear, Four wheel independent suspension, Naviga...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX2L1Z76323
    Stock: 251217M
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-15-2025

    • 22,100 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Jaguar White Plains (111 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Elmsford, NY / 111 miles away from Albany, NY

    Santorini Black MetallicLeather SeatsNavigation SystemLane Keeping AssistKeyless StartRear SpoilerCaraway/Ebony/Caraway; Perforated Grained Leat...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX3P1037963
    Stock: P1037963
    Certified Pre-Owned: Yes
    Listed since: 07-09-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 52,281 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 5 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 842 miles away from Albany, NY

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: Yes

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFP2FX5M1022070
    Stock: 2003880945
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-12-2025

  • $16,465
    great price
    $1,957 below market
    • 86,065 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 5 Seats, 21 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Capitol Garage (101 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Willimantic, CT / 101 miles away from Albany, NY

    2020 Jaguar E-PACE Base Sophistication Meets Sport, Clean Carfax!Looking for luxury with a pulse? Meet the 2020 Jaguar E-PACE Base where premium Briti...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (21 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: SADFK2FX5L1Z77108
    Stock: 12046T
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-20-2025

Showing 1 - 21 out of 82 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Jaguar E-PACE

Read recent reviews for the Jaguar E-PACE
Overall Consumer Rating
3.7 out of 5 stars29 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 29 reviews
  • 5 star
    (52%)
  • 4 star
    (10%)
  • 3 star
    (14%)
  • 2 star
    (7%)
  • 1 star
    (17%)
3 out of 5 stars

2018 Jaguar E pace

Hk_650, 08/01/2018
2018 Jaguar E-PACE P250 First Edition 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 9A)
Bought this car because the Volvo XC40 I wanted to order was so far out on production. I thought this would be a good alternative despite being almost $10,000 more. However, the tech is extremely lacking, the interior is simple but my Chevy Cruze rs is just as nice. So no big points there. Also, the car has less then 2,000mi and been in the shop twice with transmission issues kicking it … out of gear while driving down the road and not allowing you to select a gear, Essentially leaving you straded. Oh, and when I was asked to review from Jaguar they took down my review. So be quite weary if you decide to purchase this car.
Report abuse

Used 2021 Jaguar E-PACE in Albany, NY Values

Estimated values
2021 Jaguar E-PACE P250 SE 4dr SUV AWD (2.0L 4cyl Turbo 9A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$20,557$23,216$25,879
Clean$20,236$22,847$25,461
Average$19,700$22,233$24,765
Rough$19,005$21,434$23,861

The average list price of a used 2021 Jaguar E-PACE in Albany, New York is $25,448. The average mileage on a used Jaguar E-PACE 2021 for sale in Albany, New York is 42,380. Based on the average mileage of 42,380 for used 2021 Jaguar E-PACE for sale in Albany, NY and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Jaguar E-PACE 2021 in Albany, New York to be $19,700.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.