Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
3,355 listings
  • $16,980
    fair price
    $511 above market
    • 85,642 miles
    • 1 accident, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Driveway (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Chesapeake, VA / 1,999 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarFax 1-Owner,Apple CarPlay,Back-Up Camera,Blind Spot Monitor,Bluetooth,Brake Assist,Hands-Free Liftgate,Heated Seats,Keyless Start,Lane Keeping Assi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MV8LW130742
    Stock: LW130742VA
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 44,475 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 1,718 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV5LC722060
    Stock: 2003628705
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-09-2025

    • 42,686 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to AZ*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 976 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MT2LC807663
    Stock: 26782851
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $18,990
    fair price
    $672 above market
    • 70,319 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Columbus, OH / 1,636 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV2LC810063
    Stock: 2003672877
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

  • New Listing
    • 17,855 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 810 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MT3LC774334
    Stock: 2003682835
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

  • Price Drop
    Stock photo**
    $19,522
    fair price
    $625 above market
    • 58,509 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • ABC Nissan (31 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 31 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    Discover the 2020 Nissan Rogue SL: Where Style Meets Performance in a Sleek Caspian Blue Metallic FinishExperience the road like never before with the...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MT7LC732877
    Stock: 70148
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-20-2025

    • 71,272 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Philadelphia, PA / 2,053 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MV8LP501100
    Stock: 2003618275
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-04-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 27,356 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from MO to AZ*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Saint Louis, MO / 1,233 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MT5LC803770
    Stock: 26895449
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 29,983 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from PA to AZ*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Easton, PA / 2,045 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MV4LW113856
    Stock: 27037055
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 32,840 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CT to AZ*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Hartford, CT / 2,184 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV0LC781422
    Stock: 27151025
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $30,828
    great price
    $4,497 below market
    • 12,489 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 3cyl automatic
    • Arrowhead BMW (44 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Glendale, AZ / 44 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    This 2024 Scarlet Ember Tintcoat Nissan Rogue Platinum AWD is well equipped and includes these features and benefits:CARFAX 1 Owner, AWD, AM/FM radi...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    31 Combined MPG (28 City/34 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8BT3DD1RW251395
    Stock: X250002A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-08-2025

  • New Listing
    • 35,969 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Philadelphia, PA / 2,053 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MV6LC780095
    Stock: 2003658375
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

    • 124,640 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from IL to AZ*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Plainfield, IL / 1,391 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MV4LW108821
    Stock: 27145429
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 109,101 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from KS to AZ*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Wichita, KS / 856 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MV6LP543071
    Stock: 25833086
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    $19,297
    great price
    $3,659 below market
    • 37,215 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 3cyl automatic
    • EchoPark Automotive Phoenix (Avondale) (44 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Avondale, AZ / 44 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    At EchoPark, it’s all about offering you options for a happy experience. We have thousands of new-to-you makes and models that range from sedans to tr...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    31 Combined MPG (28 City/35 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1BT3BB1PC888620
    Stock: RPC888620
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-18-2025

  • New Listing
    • 96,450 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Birmingham, AL / 1,421 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MV5LP514242
    Stock: 2003639809
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-23-2025

  • Price Drop
    $17,998
    fair price
    $189 above market
    • 54,333 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to AZ*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 1,817 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MT8LW004637
    Stock: 27321787
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 78,343 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from WA to AZ*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Vancouver, WA / 1,028 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    27 Combined MPG (25 City/32 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JN8AT2MV1LW131733
    Stock: 26836251
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $17,998
    fair price
    $452 above market
    • 88,815 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to AZ*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 1,817 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: 5N1AT2MT6LC769760
    Stock: 27159449
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 92,784 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, rental vehicle
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from TX to AZ*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Austin, TX / 838 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MT6LP502213
    Stock: 27193309
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 50,640 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 4cyl automatic
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to AZ*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    • Power Driver Seat
    Close

    Located in Oxnard, CA / 441 miles away from Apache Junction, AZ

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    29 Combined MPG (26 City/33 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: KNMAT2MT0LP518858
    Stock: 27117429
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

;
Showing 925 - 945 out of 3,355 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Nissan Rogue

Read recent reviews for the Nissan Rogue
Overall Consumer Rating
2.7 out of 5 stars64 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 64 reviews
  • 5 star
    (19%)
  • 4 star
    (14%)
  • 3 star
    (16%)
  • 2 star
    (19%)
  • 1 star
    (33%)
1 out of 5 stars

Transmission Overheat and Failure

Kirk, 08/04/2016
2013 Nissan Rogue S 4dr SUV AWD (2.5L 4cyl CVT)
2013 Rogue, Vin ….638061 Transmission failed at 62,135 miles. Overheated. No prior problems or repairs. Dealership recommendation is replace transmission and add an transmission cooler. Sold in Georgia operated in Georgia and needs a transmission cooler to continue to operate in Georgia?! Escalated to Nissan regional but will not cover it. Nissan has had an endemic problem with … prior year model across multiple models that is clearly continuing. I have owned multiple Nissan products for close to 30-years that I have happy with, but no more. Lifetime customer lost. WILL NOT BUY OR RECOMMEND NISSAN!!
Report abuse

Used 2020 Nissan Rogue in Apache Junction, AZ Values

Estimated values
2020 Nissan Rogue SV 4dr SUV AWD (2.5L 4cyl CVT) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$15,863$17,904$19,879
Clean$15,398$17,359$19,253
Average$14,622$16,451$18,208
Rough$13,613$15,271$16,851

The average list price of a used 2020 Nissan Rogue in Apache Junction, Arizona is $19,721. The average mileage on a used Nissan Rogue 2020 for sale in Apache Junction, Arizona is 60,082. Based on the average mileage of 60,082 for used 2020 Nissan Rogue for sale in Apache Junction, AZ and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Nissan Rogue 2020 in Apache Junction, Arizona to be $14,622.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.