Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
787 listings
  • New Listing
    • 104,434 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Oklahoma City, OK / 637 miles away from Mobile, AL

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBCY2G0109255
    Stock: 2003882787
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-17-2025

  • New Listing
    • 83,803 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax Town Center (305 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Blind Spot Monitorin...
    Close

    Located in Kennesaw, GA / 305 miles away from Mobile, AL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    24 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCABYXJ0209915
    Stock: 27657103
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 100,057 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Buffalo, NY / 981 miles away from Mobile, AL

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBEY8G0104686
    Stock: 2004019924
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-06-2025

  • Price Drop
    $19,590
    fair price
    $1,031 above market
    • 64,386 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Indianapolis, IN / 635 miles away from Mobile, AL

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBCY5G0115776
    Stock: 2004025915
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-08-2025

    • 142,670 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Floyd Traylor Honda (485 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Fort Smith, AR / 485 miles away from Mobile, AL

    Floyd Traylor is proud to present this. Recent Arrival! Clean CARFAX. 2016 Mazda CX-9 Grand Touring 2.5L 4-Cylinder 6-Speed Automatic 12 Speakers, 3rd...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCADY9G0124909
    Stock: 25495-2
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-12-2025

  • New Listing
    Stock photo**
    • 154,603 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • 123auto (320 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Snellville, GA / 320 miles away from Mobile, AL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCACY4G0119585
    Stock: 1628
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-29-2025

  • $16,490
    fair price
    $123 below market
    • 101,854 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Beyond Cars Atlanta (326 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Grayson, GA / 326 miles away from Mobile, AL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBCY5J0201144
    Stock: 3054
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 146,546 miles
    • 1 accident, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Prestige Auto Brokers Unlimited (306 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Marietta, GA / 306 miles away from Mobile, AL

    For Sale: 2016 Mazda CX-9 VIN: JM3TCBBY5G0110238 Warranty: 6-Month Powertrain Included Key Features: Turbo 2.5L SKYACTIV engine, Automatic, AWD EPA:...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBBY5G0110238
    Stock: 110238
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-27-2025

    • 94,475 miles
    • Issue reported, 1 owner, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Kayalar Motors (455 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 455 miles away from Mobile, AL

    Kayalar Motors Kayalar Motors 16230 FM 529 Road Houston, TX 77095 8**-3**-7*** KAYALAR MOTORS | HABLAMOS ESPA OL | TIADA & NIADA MEMBER WE CAN FINANCE...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCACY1G0126266
    Stock: 4146
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 01-29-2025

  • New Listing
    • 99,928 miles
    • 7 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from WI to AL*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Kenosha, WI / 818 miles away from Mobile, AL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary Unavailable.

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBCY3G0103058
    Stock: 27845827
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 87,747 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Cleveland, OH / 824 miles away from Mobile, AL

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBDY4G0122281
    Stock: 2004079534
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

  • New Listing
    • 80,359 miles
    • 3 accidents, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to AL*
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Bakersfield, CA / 1,813 miles away from Mobile, AL

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBEY2G0103114
    Stock: 27601870
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 101,311 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • David's Auto Sales (314 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Douglas, GA / 314 miles away from Mobile, AL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCADY7G0112094
    Stock: 46122
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

  • New Listing
    • 119,881 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • David's Auto Sales (314 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Douglas, GA / 314 miles away from Mobile, AL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCABY6G0104930
    Stock: 45902
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

  • Stock photo**
    • 120,371 miles
    • Rebuilt vehicle reported, 3 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 21 City / 27 Hwy MPG
    • Southern Import Specialists (162 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Pearl, MS / 162 miles away from Mobile, AL

    2016 Mazda CX-9 Signature AWD - Black Exterior, Brown and Black Interior, 2.5L L4 DOHC 16V Gasoline Engine. Inside and out, the CX-9 is attractively s...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (21 City/27 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBEY2G0123993
    Stock: 123993
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-07-2025

    • 107,862 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • OK Carz (411 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Third-row seating
    Close

    Located in Lakeland, FL / 411 miles away from Mobile, AL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCACY0G0102606
    Stock: TA38219
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-12-2025

  • New Listing
    • 158,787 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Grand Motorcars Kennesaw (306 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Third-row seating
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Kennesaw, GA / 306 miles away from Mobile, AL

    Vehicle Overview THE COUPON PRICE IS ONLY VALID FOR THE STOCK # G0105428 IN THIS ADVERTISEMENT AND REQUIRES THAT YOU PRINT OUT THIS ADVERTISEMENT ("""...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCABY4G0105428
    Stock: G0105428
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-16-2025

    • 142,036 miles
    • 2 accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 22 City / 28 Hwy MPG
    • Minter Auto Sales (432 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    Close

    Located in Houston, TX / 432 miles away from Mobile, AL

    Bringing you deals day in and day out. A perfect cold weather 2016 CX-9 featuring heated seats. This car's sunroof is the perfect way to accent a road...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    25 Combined MPG (22 City/28 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCADY3G0124954
    Stock: 43057RVIN JM3TCADY3G0124954
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-11-2025

    • 87,558 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, personal use
    • 7 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Legacy Ford (468 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Rosenberg, TX / 468 miles away from Mobile, AL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBDY7H0135155
    Stock: 250128A
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 09-07-2025

  • Price Drop
    • 131,171 miles
    • 1 accident, 1 owner, personal use only
    • 7 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • North Georgia Auto Brokers (320 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Snellville, GA / 320 miles away from Mobile, AL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBEY8J0236824
    Stock: 6824fad
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 97,491 miles
    • Frame damage reported, 1 owner, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 7 Seats, 20 City / 26 Hwy MPG
    • Show Car Motors (428 mi away)
    • AWD/4WD
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    Close

    Located in Orlando, FL / 428 miles away from Mobile, AL

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: Yes

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    23 Combined MPG (20 City/26 Highway)

    Listing Information:

    VIN: JM3TCBCY4J0235284
    Stock: 235284
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

Showing 169 - 189 out of 787 listings

Consumer Reviews for the Mazda CX-9

Read recent reviews for the Mazda CX-9
Overall Consumer Rating
4.5 out of 5 stars133 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 133 reviews
  • 5 star
    (80%)
  • 4 star
    (14%)
  • 3 star
    (2%)
  • 2 star
    (1%)
  • 1 star
    (4%)
5 out of 5 stars

A great SUV.

Justin B, 10/11/2015
2010 Mazda CX-9 Grand Touring 4dr SUV (3.7L 6cyl 6A)
Purchased new, the CX 9 is a bit pricey and has garnered some criticism for its high MSRP. However, as other reviewers have said, a used CX9 is an absolute bargain. It' resale value isn't awesome, and it is likely influenced by the car's mileage - about 18 city and 20 highway. On the other hand, the positive attributes of the CX 9 cannot be ignored. A very confortable pair of front … bucket seats with excellent forward visibility. Decent finishing as per the car's interior. You have to be careful not to scratch the leather seats, but this is true of any leather interior. The climate control and radio are very good, with a powerful a/c. The controls can be a pain to reach if you roll the seat backwards. The vehicle is cavernous, with miles of cargo space. The back seat is split 60/40, so you can drop one seat to accomodate a large rug or lumber from Home Depot. Then there is the motor. Mazda didn't design the motor, it's a Ford V6! It is rated at 265 or 270 HP, and they may have under-reported the output. The car hits 90 in an eyeblink on an interstate and flies up hills like a sports sedan. This notwithstanding that it is a 4,200 pound behemoth. You have to be careful braking, though. The SUV has inertia so when you roll up to a stop sign, you brake in this SUV a good car length sooner than you would in a sedan. The car is too big to slap the brakes on, so you are wise to drive around town casually. Mazda mated the outstanding Ford V6 (later iterations went into the F 150, and a 305 HP monster for the Mustang), to a mediocre drivetrain. The Aisin tranny does not shift smoothly at low speeds, though it is fine on the highway. After reading many reviews, it is my impression that the tranny needs to warm up and just doesn't accelerate/shift well at low speeds. Car and Driver has noted that the CX 9 drives very well for a big vehicle. Steering is excellent, the car tracks well, and the suspension is pretty good but not great. The car is too big to fly over speed bumps or dips in the road -so don't do it. Given the combination of awesome power, a spacious interior, excellent front seats, good steering and a decent suspension, not to mention a pretty good radio and climate control, the car is a screaming "buy."
Report abuse

Used 2016 Mazda CX-9 in Mobile, AL Values

Estimated values
2016 Mazda CX-9 Touring 4dr SUV AWD (2.5L 4cyl Turbo 6A) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$8,686$11,088$12,787
Clean$8,311$10,595$12,201
Average$7,687$9,773$11,224
Rough$6,876$8,705$9,954

The average list price of a used 2016 Mazda CX-9 in Mobile, Alabama is $16,007. The average mileage on a used Mazda CX-9 2016 for sale in Mobile, Alabama is 110,825. Based on the average mileage of 110,825 for used 2016 Mazda CX-9 for sale in Mobile, AL and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used Mazda CX-9 2016 in Mobile, Alabama to be $7,687.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius500 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Body Type

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.