Skip to main content
Skip to Filters
117 listings

Save with BMW i3 rebates
Check your savings potential before you buy

  • New Listing
    • 56,549 miles
    • 2 accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from IL to OR*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Tinley Park, IL / 1,743 miles away from Gresham, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z4C53GV507429
    Stock: 27267327
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Stock photo**
    • 48,967 miles
    • Insurance loss reported, 5 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • Half Price Cars (161 mi away)
    • Bluetooth
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    • Parking sensors
    • USB Inputs
    Close

    Located in Lynnwood, WA / 161 miles away from Gresham, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Issue reported

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z4C57EV277634
    Stock: 35243
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 08-16-2024

  • $13,790
    fair price
    $447 below market
    • 38,448 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 100 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Phoenix, AZ / 991 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C38H7A39846
    Stock: 2003686616
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-29-2025

  • New Listing
    $13,998
    fair price
    $256 below market
    • 53,771 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to OR*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Oxnard, CA / 798 miles away from Gresham, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C33HV950241
    Stock: 27372653
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 38,403 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 100 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Dallas, TX / 1,619 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C33HV949879
    Stock: 2003673402
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-27-2025

  • New Listing
    $12,990
    fair price
    $61 above market
    • 62,828 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 489 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C50HV547853
    Stock: 2003491044
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 03-19-2025

  • New Listing
    • 21,658 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, government vehicle
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from AZ to OR*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Gilbert, AZ / 1,016 miles away from Gresham, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z8C32HV893087
    Stock: 27451976
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $12,000
    fair price
    $19 below market
    • 74,140 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, personal use
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Eurocar Sales Corporation (115 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Bend, OR / 115 miles away from Gresham, OR

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C57HV548028
    Stock: 48028
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-26-2025

  • $13,998
    fair price
    $314 above market
    • 36,298 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CO to OR*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Colorado Springs, CO / 1,012 miles away from Gresham, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C39HV949952
    Stock: 27247341
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • $13,790
    fair price
    $487 above market
    • 39,038 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 88 - 93 mi est. range
    • Fair battery score
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 489 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C58HV547907
    Stock: 2003613490
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 04-01-2025

  • New Listing
    Photos not available
    • 26,998 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • Dick Hannah Nissan (12 mi away)
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Gladstone, OR / 12 miles away from Gresham, OR

    Platinum 2017 BMW i3 94Ah w/Range Extender RWD Electric Motor Single-Speed Automatic Clean Carfax, Locally Owned and Serviced, Heated Seats, Park Dist...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z8C39HV894883
    Stock: L13549
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 07-01-2025

    • 43,335 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Atlanta, GA / 2,152 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z8C31HV892206
    Stock: 2003729672
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 05-29-2025

  • EV Tax CreditCertain EVs and PHEVs may be eligible for a federal used EV tax credit up to $4,000. Buyer and car must qualify.
    • 14,854 miles
    • No accidents, 1 owner, personal use
    • 145 - 150 mi est. range
    • Excellent battery score
    • Carvana - Portland (11 mi away)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Portland, OR / 11 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY8P6C58K7D47161
    Stock: 2003796936
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-27-2025

  • New Listing
    $14,998
    fair price
    $255 above market
    • 30,984 miles
    • 1 accident, 2 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to OR*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Palmdale, CA / 786 miles away from Gresham, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C33HV950112
    Stock: 27371207
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 18,960 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 100 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Las Vegas, NV / 749 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C37HV950288
    Stock: 2003802649
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-06-2025

  • New Listing
    $13,998
    fair price
    $100 below market
    • 41,040 miles
    • 3 accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to OR*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Irvine, CA / 856 miles away from Gresham, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: No

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C31HV949976
    Stock: 27594234
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • New Listing
    • 30,481 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from FL to OR*
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    • Tire Pressure Warnin...
    Close

    Located in Jacksonville, FL / 2,431 miles away from Gresham, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C39HV950342
    Stock: 27566479
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

    • 30,215 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • CarMax (In-stock online)
    • Transfer available from CA to OR*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    • Upgraded Headlights
    Close

    Located in Murrieta, CA / 871 miles away from Gresham, OR

    CarMax values transparency and wants you to love your next car, not settle on it. Certain vehicles may have unrepaired safety recalls. Check nhtsa.gov...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C31HV949895
    Stock: 27001746
    Certified Pre-Owned: No

  • Price Drop
    • 38,623 miles
    • No accidents, 3 owners, corporate fleet vehicle
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Charlotte, NC / 2,274 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: No

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C39HV950079
    Stock: 2003813287
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-25-2025

  • New Listing
    • 41,992 miles
    • No accidents, 2 owners, personal use
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Sunroof/Moonroof
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Sacramento, CA / 489 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C38H7A39863
    Stock: 2003854803
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-28-2025

    • 44,532 miles
    • No accidents, 4 owners, personal use
    • 99 - 105 mi est. range
    • Good battery score
    • Carvana (In-stock online)
    • Home delivery*
    • Back-up camera
    • Bluetooth
    • Navigation
    • Leather Seats
    • Keyless Entry/Start
    Close

    Located in Cincinnati, OH / 1,968 miles away from Gresham, OR

    At Carvana, we go miles beyond the extra mile. That's why we provide you with a convenient, fast, and hassle-free car buying experience that puts you ...

    AutoCheck Vehicle History Summary

    Accident Free Vehicle: Yes

    Personal Use Only: Yes

    History Provider: AutoCheck

    Title Details: Clean Title

    Salvage Vehicle: No

    Frame Damage: No

    Theft History: No

    Lemon Status: No

    Free History Report: No

    Features and Specs:

    Listing Information:

    VIN: WBY1Z6C3XHV548670
    Stock: 2003828939
    Certified Pre-Owned: No
    Listed since: 06-22-2025

Showing 64 - 84 out of 117 listings

Consumer Reviews for the BMW i3

Read recent reviews for the BMW i3
Overall Consumer Rating
4.2 out of 5 stars47 Reviews
Write a vehicle reviewSee all 47 reviews
  • 5 star
    (57%)
  • 4 star
    (21%)
  • 3 star
    (6%)
  • 2 star
    (11%)
  • 1 star
    (4%)
4 out of 5 stars

Sold the V12 Mercedes to go electric

Michael Chard, 11/16/2015
2015 BMW i3 4dr Hatchback w/Range Extender (0.6L 2cyl gas/electric plug-in hybrid DD)
I hesitantly sold my Mercedes CL600 and decided to lease the i3 REx to replace it. I am not a tree hugger but I am a technology geek and the i3 has some fantastic technology built in. My first impression of the i3 was that this is one ugly car and I did not like the look of the pizza cutter tires. However, after driving it for several weeks, not only have the looks grown on me (as … well as the 20 inch skinny tires), but i find it the car extremely enjoyable to drive. In fact, it is so enjoyable that my wife prefers the drive to her Range Rover Sport and is constantly asking me to leave it at home so she can drive it. The off-the-line acceleration is fantastic, which has helped alleviate the sorrow of losing my V12 gasoline engine. The interior room for the front occupants is extremely roomy (I am 6'1" with a large frame). For a sub-compact car, this feels roomier than most other much larger cars. The user interface took a while to learn, but now that I am familiar with it, I am very impressed. The entertainment options are endless, especially when I connect my iPhone and use all of the music, streaming and pod cast services. I use the car primarily to commute to work, 36 miles round trip. I am also able to charge the car at work. For commuting, the car is ideal. I do have the range extender, but I have never actually used it as I have good charging options between work and home but it does take range anxiety out of the equation. If I had to pick anything that I don't like, it is the placement of the electrical charging port, which is located on the back, passenger side of the car. This requires me to get the charging cable and walk around to the other side. While this is clearly a first-world problem, it would have been much easier to locate the charging port close to the driver's door. The materials inside are excellent and I especially like the wood in the dash. I leased the vehicle because I am not yet comfortable with the residual value of an EV, but given the subsidies available, and the fact that I no longer buy gasoline, this is a very economical vehicle to operate. Overall, I was just looking for a very different car experience from buying another internal combustion car. The experience so far is highly recommended.
Report abuse

Used 2016 BMW i3 in Gresham, OR Values

Estimated values
2016 BMW i3 4dr Hatchback w/Range Extender (0.6L 2cyl gas/electric plug-in hybrid DD) with no options
ConditionTrade-InPrivate PartyDealer Retail
Outstanding$9,645$12,473$14,476
Clean$9,301$12,009$13,914
Average$8,729$11,235$12,976
Rough$7,986$10,229$11,757

The average list price of a used 2016 BMW i3 in Gresham, Oregon is $15,155. The average mileage on a used BMW i3 2016 for sale in Gresham, Oregon is 39,624. Based on the average mileage of 39,624 for used 2016 BMW i3 for sale in Gresham, OR and using an average vehicle condition rating, which means the vehicle may have a few mechanical and/or cosmetic problems and may require a considerable amount of reconditioning, we appraise the average trade-in value of a used BMW i3 2016 in Gresham, Oregon to be $8,729.

Filters
Skip to Results

Applied Filters4Active

Select Buying Experience

Location

Search radius200 miles
Search radius

Make & Model

Year

New / Used

Price & Payments

Price Rating

Trim

Mileage

Accidents & History

EV Details

Engine & Drivetrain

Exterior Color

Interior Color

Total Seating

Edmunds Review

Features

Options & Packages

MPG

Listing Details


* Delivery of any kind does not apply to Alaska and Hawaii. Contact the dealer for delivery details, restrictions and costs.